Sugarcane yog dab tsi? Kev siv, Kev Tshaj Tawm thiab Cov Neeg Yuav Khoom haum

Qab Zib feem ntau yog siv los ua suab thaj, tab sis cov stalk tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ntau txoj kev lag luam sib txawv. Nws tuaj yeem raug muag hauv daim ntawv edible rau zom, nias rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab, ua tiav rau hauv cov khoom xyaw qab zib thiab kua zaub mov, fermented rau hauv ethanol, los yog siv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib xyaw zeb uas tseem tsim cov chav, hluav taws xob thiab fiber ntau -raws li cov ntaub ntawv. Tsiaj pub, cov khoom siv hauv av thiab lwm yam khoom siv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov kwj deg, tab sis cov no yog cov khoom siv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb es tsis siv neeg siv rau txhua lub pob tawb.

Cov lus teb siv tau hloov nrog yam koj npaj yuav yuav. Ib lub khw muag khoom yuav xav tau tev, txiav thiab ntim cov nplaum. Lub Hoobkas dej haus yuav xav tau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub tshuab suab thaj tau txais kev sau qoob loo-theem stalks ze rau nws cov haujlwm crushing. Ib tsob nroj ethanol xav tau fermentable kwj uas haum nws cov txheej txheem thiab cov kev cai hauv zos. Lub rooj tsavxwm, ntawv lossis lub zog tus neeg teb xov tooj ib txwm ntsuas bagasse lossis lwm lub zeb-tsim kwj-tsis yog cov khoom noj khoom haus-qib tev pas nrig. Hu tag nrho cov no tsuas yog "qab zib" zais qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev lag luam sib txawv.

Pib nrog cov khoom tsim tawm, tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb nruab nrab, tus tswv tshwj xeeb thiab tau txais qhov system. Txoj kev ntawd- thawj txoj kev tiv thaiv ib qho kev ua yuam kev: ntsuas cov khoom zoo tawm tsam txoj haujlwm tsis raug. Fresh - lo zoo li tseem ceeb rau cov khw muag khoom; fermentable solids teeb meem rau ethanol; fiber ntau tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv. Tsis muaj ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb hauv qab zib tuaj yeem sawv cev rau tag nrho peb.

Pib Nrog Cov Tso Tawm, Tsis Siv Neeg

Qab Zib yog cov qoob loo, khoom noj tshiab thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus, tab sis nws tsis tshua muaj tag nrho peb hauv tib qho kev lag luam. CIRAD piav qhia cov chaw tsim khoom uas suav nrog cov suab thaj, rum, roj ethanol, lub zog thiab tshuaj lom neeg lossis khoom siv; nws kuj tseem sau tseg tias mills yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, lub sijhawm -sensitive systems.[1]Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke piav qhia yog vim li cas ib daim ntawv qhia "siv" yuav tsum qhia qhov kev sib koom tes ntawm thaj chaw, cov khoom ntim khoom noj, zeb thiab cov neeg siv qis.

Cov lus hauv qab no yog phau ntawv qhia kev taug kev, tsis yog kev thov tias ib tus neeg xa khoom, ntau yam lossis thaj chaw txhawb nqa txhua qhov chaw. Txhua txoj kev muaj nws tus kheej ua cov cuab yeej cuab tam, qeb kev cai lij choj, cov txheej txheem xeem thiab kev lag luam. Cov kab "xa khoom" yog li ntawd tseem ceeb dua li cov npe ntev ntawm cov khoom tiav.

Txoj Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ib: Cov Khoom Tshiab thiab Cov Kua Dej

Direct noj yog txoj kev luv tshaj. Cov neeg siv khoom zom tau npaj cov cane kom tso cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab muab pov tseg cov fibers residue. Cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem yog tag nrho cov stalk trimmed, ib seem tev, txiav longitudinal los yog luv luv. Rau txoj kev no, pom kev huv, tev tawm, txiav qhov sib xws, chewability, xim, tsw, packing kev ncaj ncees thiab qhov kev pom zoo cia cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev txais. Cov khoom qab zib muaj ntau yam tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo qab zib tsis tau tseem yuav ua tau txawv txawv raws li lub khw muag khoom vim tias cov rind, fiber, txoj kab uas hla lossis kev nthuav qhia tsis haum rau cov neeg siv khoom.

Tam sim noXMSD tev tawm cov suab thaj tshiabqhia ib qho zaub mov-siv daim ntawv: tev daim nyob rau hauv ib lub pob. Siv nws los ua qhov pom kev pom, tsis yog daim ntawv cog lus thoob ntiaj teb. Rau qhov kev txiav txim tiag tiag, paub meej tias qhov ntev, qhov hnyav, tus lej ntawm daim, tso cai hloov xim, qhov xwm txheej, ntim khoom, cov lus khaws cia, cov lus xav tau thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj.

Pressed kua txiv yog ib yam khoom sib txawv txawm tias thaum nws pib nrog edible cane. Cov neeg muag khoom hauv zos tuaj yeem muab rho tawm thiab ua haujlwm sai, thaum lub lag luam dej haus tuaj yeem qhia meej, lim, cua sov- kho, txias, khov, mloog zoo lossis tsim cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo raws li cov txheej txheem siv tau. Kev nyab xeeb thiab lub luag haujlwm zoo ua raws li cov txheej txheem ntawd. "Rau kua txiv" ua tsis tiav tshwj tsis yog tus neeg yuav khoom hais tias qhov kev yuav khoom yog raw cane rau tam sim hauv zos nias los yog cov khoom ua kua. Ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb tsis tuaj yeem ua ntsiag to hloov pauv rau microbiological, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ntim cov ntsiab lus rau kev npaj tau-rau- siv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

    Piv txwv li: ib tug pas nrig, ob qho kev txiav txim siab zaub mov.Ib lub khw muag khoom xav tau 180 hli tev cov nplaum uas haum rau lub tais nqaim thiab saib zoo ib yam los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ntshiab. Tus neeg teb xov tooj haus dej xav tau cov khoom siv uas ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua hauv kev txiav txim siab rho tawm, ces npaj lim thiab pasteurize cov kua. Tus neeg muag khoom tuaj yeem tsis lees paub qhov tuab, pom qhov tsis sib xws uas qhov kev sim haus tau txais. Tus neeg ua haujlwm haus dej haus tuaj yeem tsis lees txais cov khoom noj txom ncauj zoo nkauj yog tias cov kua dej rov qab ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv nws cov txheej txheem. Tsis yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ua pov thawj tias tus pas nrig feem ntau "zoo" lossis "phem"; txhua teb ib qho kev siv sib txawv.

Txoj Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ob: Qab Zib thiab Cov Ncauj Ncauj

Kev tsim cov piam thaj hauv kev lag luam tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv qab zib. Cov stalk khaws cov crystallizable sucrose, thiab cov mills cais cov suab thaj -cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm cov fibers ua ntej tsim cov suab thaj nyoos thiab lwm cov kwj deg.[1]Sucrose yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb, tab sis nws tsis yog tib yam khoom nyob rau hauv stalk lossis kua txiv. Daim ntawv qhia cais rauuas qab zib muaj nyob rau hauv qab zibmuaj cov chemistry thiab qab zib-cov lus nug txog tus kheej.

Rau cov chaw tsim khoom noj khoom haus, cov khoom siv tau txais txiaj ntsig feem ntau tsis yog cov stalk. Tej zaum nws yuav yog granulated qab zib, cov suab thaj nyoos rau kev ua kom zoo, cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau daim ntawv thov kev pom zoo, los yog cov qauv cane -cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Txhua tus nyias muaj nyias tus kheej, lub npe raug cai, muaj pes tsawg leeg, xim, tsw, noo noo los yog cov khib nyiab hauv paus, kev tswj tsis pub muaj kab mob thiab ntim khoom. Lo lus "natural," lub hauv paus qoob loo lossis daim duab ntawm cane tsis tuaj yeem hloov qhov tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom xa tuaj.

Cov txheej txheem rho tawm kuj tseem nyob rau qhov kev txiav txim siab sib txawv. Daim ntawv qhia qib siab - theem tsuas yog xav tau cov khoom lag luam: cov cane tau ncav cuag lub tshuab, cov kua txiv tau sib cais, thiab cov suab thaj - cov kwj deg tau ua tiav rau hauv cov khoom npaj thaum lwm cov kwj tawm ntawm txoj kev loj. Yog tias koj xav tau cov haujlwm ua haujlwm, siv cov lus piav qhia tshwj xeeb ntawmyuav ua li cas qab zib tau muab rho tawm los ntawm qab zib. Khaws cia ciam teb tiv thaiv kev siv cov lus qhia los ntawm kev ua ib daim ntawv qhia txog lub Hoobkas tsis tiav.

Daim ntawv thov zaub mov ntxiv hloov qhov kev lees paub logic. Ib qho khoom noj khoom haus, khoom noj khoom haus, cov nroj tsuag dej haus thiab kev ua haujlwm fermentation tsis tas yuav tib qib lossis saib xyuas cov yam ntxwv thib ob. Iowa State University's Agricultural Marketing Resource Center sau tseg tias kev xa cov suab thaj ua kom zoo rau ntau yam zaub mov loj -kev tsim khoom thiab piav qhia txog kev siv sucrose hla cov khoom ci, khoom qab zib, dej haus, cawv thiab lwm yam khoom noj.[4]Sau npe koj daim ntawv thov tiav tsis txhob nres ntawm "kev siv khoom noj."

Txoj Kev Roj: Ethanol Xav Tau Cov Khoom Noj Fermentable

Qab Zib tuaj yeem muab ethanol vim tias cov kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau cov piam thaj nkag mus tau. Nyob ntawm cov nroj tsuag teeb tsa thiab kev cai ib puag ncig, cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav yog kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis cov kwj deg cellulosic. US Department of Energy's Alternative Fuels Data Center distinguishes qab zib - thiab starch-raws li feedstocks, uas nws cov suab thaj yog ib qho yooj yim mus rho thiab ferment, los ntawm cellulosic feedstocks uas muaj cellulose, hemicellulose thiab lignin, uas yuav tsum tau yooj yim hloov dua siab tshiab.[2]"Cane ethanol" yog li tsis txheeb xyuas ib qho khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb.

Lub hom phiaj ethanol yuav tsum muaj npe. Roj ethanol, industrial ethanol thiab potable cawv yuav zaum nyob rau hauv txawv specifications, denaturing cov cai, excise regimes, zaub mov los yog tshuaj tswj thiab cov neeg siv khoom tsim nyog. Cov molecule yog ethanol, tab sis cov khoom lag luam thiab kev tso cai tsis hloov pauv. Peb qhia fermentation raws li qhov chaw uas tsis tau hais tias cov khoom lag luam tshiab tuaj yeem tsim nyog tau txais ethanol lossis haus dej haus - cov txheej txheem qib tau ua raws li kev tswj hwm roj.

Cog qhov chaw thiab kev koom ua ke teeb meem. Cov yub tshiab uas tau sau qoob loo yog loj heev thiab lub sijhawm- rhiab heev, yog li cov nroj tsuag qab zib thiab ethanol feem ntau txuas nrog cov pas nrig hauv cheeb tsam es tsis yog xa cov khoom muag los ntawm cov khoom lag luam. CIRAD hais tias txiav stems xav tau kev hloov pauv sai rau lub zeb, thaum Lub Chaw Pabcuam Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam kuj tseem piav qhia tias vim li cas cov pas ntoo tau ua tiav ze ntawm thaj chaw loj hlob.[1][4]Rau ib tus neeg yuav khoom lag luam, thawj cov lus nug txog qhov ua tau yog feem ntau "Qhov twg hauv zos nruab nrab mus txog peb cov txheej txheem kev ntseeg siab?" es tsis yog "Puas tau qab zib ua ethanol?"

Lub zog thiab cov khoom siv feem ntau pib nrog zeb-Generated Fiber

Tom qab cov kua txiv rho tawm, cov khoom siv fiber ntau yog hu ua bagasse. Mills feem ntau siv nws ua cov roj boiler los ua chav thiab hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev cog qoob loo, lub zog ntawd tuaj yeem txhawb nqa lub zeb ua haujlwm; qhov twg cov cuab yeej siv, kev sib txuas thiab cov cai tswj fais fab hauv zos tso cai, cov hluav taws xob ntau dhau kuj tseem tuaj yeem ncav cuag ib daim phiaj. UNICA tshaj tawm cov qauv kev ua haujlwm no hauv tebchaws Brazil thiab txheeb xyuas cov bagasse thiab straw ua thawj cov khoom qab zib biomass rau bioelectricity.[3]Qhov piv txwv ua pov thawj txoj hauv kev tsim, tsis muaj kev lees paub hluav taws xob rau txhua lub zeb.

Lub zog kev ua tau zoo nyob ntawm ntau dua li cov npe qoob loo. Moisture, tshauv, paug, particle form, boiler thiab turbine configuration, chav xav tau, txij nkawm, muaj raws caij nyoog thiab daim phiaj siv tau tag nrho cov muaj feem xyuam rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog tias koj sib piv cov roj, thov cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas thiab kev ua haujlwm. Yog tias koj ntsuas ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke, paub qhov txawv tag nrho, kev siv sab hauv thiab xa hluav taws xob. Kev thov xws li "bagasse powers the factory" tsis yog ib qho kev hloov pauv rau cov nroj tsuag - tshwj xeeb sib npaug zog.

Fiber kuj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov khoom siv. CIRAD teev cov ntawv, duab los qhia, rwb thaiv tsev, zaj duab xis thiab textiles ntawm kev siv tau, thaum Lub Chaw Pabcuam Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam sau ntawv, board, plastics, mulch thiab txaj.[1][4]Cov phooj ywg- tshuaj xyuas xyuas txuas ntxiv daim ntawv qhia tshawb fawb rau cov khoom sib xyaw, tshuaj, biofuels thiab lwm yam nqi- ntxiv cov khoom tawm.[5]Cov kev no tsis txhais hais tias tag nrho cov bagasse hloov pauv tau. Pulping, board, composite thiab biochemical kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem xav tau qhov sib txawv ntawm fiber ntau ntev, noo noo, tshauv, cia, pretreatment thiab txwv tsis pub muaj kab mob.

Lwm cov kwj deg tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev noj zaub mov, kev ua liaj ua teb lossis kev siv fermentation, tab sis lawv cov cim thiab cov kev txwv muaj nyob rau hauv kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom sib koom ua ke- tshuaj xyuas. FAO txoj kev sib tham qhia tau hais tias ob qho tib si tsim cov khoom siv thiab kev ua lag luam, kev kho mob thiab kev txwv kev noj haus uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau txoj hauv kev zoo los ntawm kev ua tau zoo.[6]Cov lus qhia rauqab zib los ntawm - khoomnpog cov khoom muag ntawd. Ib thaj tsam tseem ceeb tseem ceeb: kev hloov pauv hauv chav kuaj tsis tuaj yeem ua lag luam ua lag luam, thiab lub zeb seem tsis tau txais kev nyab xeeb pub, chiv lossis khoom noj. Kev kho mob, kev cai lij choj, kev thov hauv zos thiab kev cog qoob loo txiav txim siab seb txoj kev puas siv tau.

Txhais Kev Siv Rau Hauv Txoj Cai Specification

Daim ntawv qhia txoj kev ua lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig tsuas yog thaum nws hloov qhov kev thov rau cov lus hais thiab cov qauv tshuaj xyuas. Pib nrog cov khoom xa tuaj, tsis yog daim ntawv xav tau luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv tsis sib xws. Tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas ob peb yam ntxwv uas ua rau muaj kev ua tau zoo hauv daim ntawv thov npe. Siv lub rooj ua lub hauv paus pib, tom qab ntawd teeb tsa cov lej thiab cov txheej txheem los ntawm koj qhov chaw txais khoom, siv txoj cai lij choj thiab cov kev sim uas siv tau.

Rau kev sau qoob loo- theem pas nrig nkag mus rau hauv lub zeb, cov lus nug tus nqi lag luam yog dav dua li daim duab qhia chaw. Nws yuav tsum tau txais cov qauv, cov qab zib rov qab los yog fermentable hauv paus, usable tawm los, deterioration tswj thiab nqi ib tug usable tso zis. Siv qhov sib caisqab zib raw-cov ntaub ntawv tus nqithaum cov kev hloov pauv no dhau los ua qhov kev txiav txim siab. Rau txoj kev xaiv, xaiv qhov chaw thiab tus tswv specification yog txaus.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom kuj hloov pauv los ntawm kev xa tawm. Ib qho tshiab - cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem tswj cov ntawv cim npe, khaws cia thiab kev faib khoom nrog tus muag khoom. Lub Hoobkas dej haus muaj nws cov qauv, kev siv tau thiab ua tiav - cov khoom tso tawm. Lub zeb muaj nws txoj kev txais thiab hloov dua siab tshiab. Lub zog lossis cov khoom siv cog muaj qhov kev lees paub uas txuas cov khoom seem rau nws cov khoom siv. Sau cov dej num no nyob ib sab ntawm qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv qhov kev xav tsis zoo los ntawm kev txav mus los.

Piv txwv ua hauj lwm: Hloov ib qho Kev Npaj Haus Dej rau hauv cov tswv yim raug

Xav tias tus neeg tsim khoom haus cawv npaj ib qho kev sim khiav ntawm80,000 fwj, txhua muaj250 ml yog '. Tag nrho cov dej haus tiav lawm yog:

80,000 × 250 mL=20,000,000 mL=20,000 L

Cov qauv sim siv12% standardized qab zib kua txiv los ntawm ntim. Yog li ntawd, lub formulation yuav tsum tau:

20,000 L × 0.12=2, 400 L ntawm kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Tsis txhob hloov qhov tshwm sim mus rau hauv qhov kwv yees tonnage ntawm stalks. Kev suav txheeb xyuas cov lus nug txog kev lag luam kom raug: tus neeg muag khoom puas tuaj yeem muab 2,400 L ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas ua tau raws li kev pom zoo ntawm kev kho mob, cov txheej txheem sib xyaw, kev hnov ​​​​mob, kev npaj microbiological thiab pob hauv paus? Yog tias cov nroj tsuag npaj siab nias lub pas nrig nws tus kheej, khiav cov ntaub ntawv rho tawm mus sib hloov los hloov 2,400 L rau hauv cov khoom nyoos- cov nyom yuav tsum tau, tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov txheej txheem sib cais thiab tuav nyiaj pub dawb. Ib tug generic internet tawm los yuav tsim tsis tseeb precision.

Piv txwv tias tib tus neeg yuav khoom es tsis txhob nug txog 9,600 lub khw muag khoom ntawm plaub 250 mm tev sticks. Qhov ntawd yog suav-thiab- qhov kev pab cuam qhov loj me, tsis yog 2,400 L kua txiv- qhov kev pab cuam. Ob qhov kev txiav txim tuaj yeem los ntawm tib cov qoob loo, tab sis lawv cov chav nyob, cov qauv, cov kev cai tsis raug, cov ntawv ntim khoom thiab cov kev pheej hmoo ua lag luam txawv. Qhov no yog vim li cas kev siv yuav tsum tau muab txhais ua ntej ib qho kev sib piv.

Peb Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Lag Luam Tiv Thaiv Tsis Ncaj Ncees -Txoj Kev Yuav

    Ua ntej, npe cov khoom tsim tawm thiab kev ua lag luam."Food" txhais tau hais tias npaj tau- rau- zom stick, freshly pressed kua txiv, cov khoom xyaw hauv lub raj mis, siv lead ua suab thaj los yog fermentation substrate. "Energy" tuaj yeem txhais tau tias cov txheej txheem sab hauv chav, ntawm - hluav taws xob qhov chaw lossis daim phiaj xa tawm. Lub teb chaws qhov chaw thiab qeb kev cai lij choj txiav txim siab seb qhov kev thov, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntawv xeem twg tseem ceeb.

    Qhov thib ob, lub npe ntawm lub cev handoff.Qhia seb tus neeg yuav khoom puas tau txais tag nrho cov stalks, tev tawm, muab cov kua dej, kua qab zib, qab zib, molasses, bagasse lossis lwm yam dej ntws. suav nrog leej twg ua tev, tshem tawm, kho, concentration, ziab lossis txo qhov loj me. Yog tias qhov kev sib tham tsis meej, ob tog yuav raug nqi ib yam khoom sib txawv thaum siv tib lo lus.

    Thib peb, kuaj hauv qhov system txais.Tshawb xyuas cov khoom ntim tiag tiag rau cov zaub mov ncaj qha, sim qhov pom zoo hauv cov qauv dej haus, siv lub tshuab tau txais thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas los sau- theem pas nrig, thiab ntsuas cov neeg sawv cev fiber ntau hauv cov txheej txheem tsav tsheb tiag tiag lossis tsim nyog. Daim ntawv pov thawj tus neeg muag khoom tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus kheej lossis kev tswj hwm; nws tsis tuaj yeem ua pov thawj kev ua tau zoo hauv cov cuab yeej nws tsis tau nkag mus.

    Piv txwv li: tsis txhob xa cov khoom noj khoom haus los daws cov teeb meem seem.Lub ntim khoom -cov khoom tsim tawm xav tau bagasse fiber ntau rau kev sim pwm. Kev xa tawm ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev- ntim cov kaus poom zoo li huv si thiab muaj cov zaub mov ntshiab, tab sis nws yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm nruab nrab: kev yuav thiab thauj cov khoom noj tsuas yog muab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab rov qab fiber ntau yuav ntxiv cov kauj ruam thiab nqi. Nrhiav ib lub zeb-tsim fiber ntau kwj, txhais cov dej noo, tshauv, cov kab mob thiab kev npaj, thiab khiav qhov kev sim molding. Tsis txhob thov ncaj qha - khoom noj khoom haus raws li kev muaj peev xwm rau txoj kev ntawd yam tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog thiab kev qhia tshwj xeeb.

Kev txiav txim siab siv tswv yim

Qab Zib yog rau ntau tshaj ib lub hnab ntawm cov suab thaj, tab sis daim ntawv teev ntev ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm tsis yog nws tus kheej cov lus qhia yuav. Cov khoom noj tshiab, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qab zib, ethanol, chav, hluav taws xob thiab fiber ntau pib ntawm kev lag luam sib txawv. Ib txhia siv cov edible stalk; ib txhia siv cov kua qab zib rho tawm -cov kabmob kua; ib co nyob ntawm residues uas tsuas muaj tom qab milling.

Qhov kev txiav txim siab ua ntu zus yog qhov yooj yim: txhais cov khoom tiav, xaiv qhov raug xa tawm nruab nrab, muab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov txheej txheem tau txais, thiab txheeb xyuas tus qauv tus neeg sawv cev hauv cov txheej txheem ntawd. Qhov no khaws cia qhov tseeb versatility ntawm qab zib yam tsis ua piv txwv tias txhua tus stalk, tus neeg muag khoom lossis chaw ua haujlwm tuaj yeem pab txhua txoj hauv kev.

Cov ntaub ntawv

1. CIRAD.Sugarcane-Nroj tsuag thiab siv. Cov qoob loo tus kheej, zeb logistics, qab zib, rum, ethanol, lub zog thiab cov khoom siv. Tau txais los ntawm 27 Lub Yim Hli 2026.
2. US Department of Energy, Alternative Fuels Data Center.Ethanol Feedstocks. Qab zib / starch thiab cellulosic feedstock txawv. Tau txais los ntawm 27 Lub Yim Hli 2026.
3. Brazilian Sugarcane thiab Bioenergy Industry Association (UNICA).Bioelectricity. Bagasse thiab straw hauv zeb zog thiab kab sib chaws. Tau txais los ntawm 27 Lub Yim Hli 2026.
4. Agricultural Marketing Resource Center, Iowa State University.Qab Zib Profile. Kev sib thooj rau cov mills thiab tsim khoom noj, bagasse, ethanol thiab hluav taws xob siv. Tau txais los ntawm 27 Lub Yim Hli 2026.
5. Shabbirahmed AM, et al.Qab Zib bagasse rau hauv tus nqi- ntxiv cov khoom: kev tshuaj xyuas. Environmental Science thiab Pollution Research. 2022;29(42):62785–62806. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-21889-1.
6. Food and Agriculture Organization ntawm United Nations.Sugarcane as feed: by-cov khoom thiab xaus- siv cov ntsiab lus. Kev lag luam thiab kev txwv ntawm kev siv cov khoom seem. Tau txais los ntawm 27 Lub Yim Hli 2026.