Raspberries tuaj qhov twg? Ib Daim Ntawv Qhia Frozen Sourcing

Liab raspberries yog ib txwm nyob thoob plaws thaj tsam ntawm Eurasia thiab sab qaum teb North America, tab sis khov raspberry nyob rau hauv koj lub tsev rau khoom tsis muaj ib tug universal keeb kwm. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua lag luam tam sim no los ntawm ntau thaj tsam huab cua thiab thaj chaw siab, thiab lub teb chaws muaj npe nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tsuas yog thawj txheej ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom lub hauv paus kuaj xyuas.

Rau kev yuav khoom, "qhov twg raspberries tuaj ntawm?" yuav tsum txheeb xyuas cheeb tsam loj hlob, cultivar los yog hom, sau qhov rais, sau txoj kev, freezing chaw, ntau ciam teb thiab raws li txoj cai lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm. Cov ntsiab lus no cuam tshuam rau tag nrho -Berry rov qab, xim, tsw, tawg, kev sim, muab sij hawm thiab traceability ntau dua li ib zaj dab neeg dav txog qhov twg cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau cog thawj zaug.

Botanical keeb kwm tsis zoo ib yam li coj mus muag keeb kwm

Lub npe raspberry npog txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ntau yamRubushom thiab ntau cultivars. Oregon State University Extension piav qhia txog liab raspberry,Rubus idaeus, raws li ib txwm nyob rau sab qaum teb North America thiab Eurasia. Nws kuj paub qhov txawv liab, daj, dub thiab ntshav raspberries. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo daj yog xim hloov ntawm liab raspberries, thaum liab raspberries yog hybrids ntawm liab thiab dub hom.

Qhov keeb kwm ntawm botanical ntawd tiv thaiv qhov yuam kev tsis tu ncua. Raspberry txiv hmab txiv ntoo cais los ntawm lub txais tos thaum khaws, tawm hauv qhov chaw hollow. Blackberry txiv hmab txiv ntoo khaws lub receptacle. Ib lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsaus tsis yog ib qho dub raspberry, thiab raspberry -blackberry hybrid yuav tsum tsis txhob ua ntsiag to muag nyob rau hauv ib tug liab -raspberry specification. Koj cov khoom npe, scientific lossis cultivar siv thaum xav tau, hom xim thiab duab yuav tsum pom zoo.

Kev lag luam keeb kwm yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Daim ntawv lo tuaj yeem sau npe rau lub tebchaws, tab sis ib qho ntau yuav suav nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ntau lub teb xa mus rau ib tsob ntoo khov. Lwm qhov ntau tuaj yeem los ntawm ib qho chaw ua liaj ua teb tab sis tau ntim tom qab hauv ib qho chaw sib cais. Nug seb qhov kev tshwm sim twg txhais tau ntau thiab seb qhov chaw ua liaj ua teb, qhov chaw sau, lub freezer thiab lub hnab ntim khoom puas tuaj yeem taug qab ntawm nws tus kheej.

    Tswv yim piv txwv:Ob tug muab ob lub xeev tib lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm. Muab A qhia txog pab pawg neeg cog qoob loo, ua liaj ua teb lossis cog qoob loo, xaiv hnub tim, chaw khaws khoom, lub tub yees, kev hloov pauv ntau lawm thiab lub thawv code. Muab B tsuas yog muab hnub ntim thiab lub tebchaws. Tej zaum lawv yuav raug cai sau npe tib yam, tab sis Muab A muab txoj hauv kev siv tau rau koj rau kev sau qoob loo- qhov rai sib piv, kev tsis txaus siab cais tawm thiab kev kho kom raug.

Vim li cas Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam tuaj ntawm txawv cheeb tsam

Raspberry mov ua raws ntau tshaj li qhov latitude. Cultivar adaptation, winter survival, summer temperature, rainfall, elevation, tunnel production, harvest labour, machine-sau suitability, access to pre-cooling or freezing, food-kev nyab xeeb systems thiab export logistics tag nrho cov kev lag luam muaj. Ib lub teb chaws uas muaj tag nrho cov khoom loj tuaj yeem coj ntau yam ntawm nws mus rau hauv zos lossis cov khw tshiab es tsis yog qib khov koj xav tau.

Tam sim no FAOSTAT cov ntaub ntawv ntau lawm yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kos duab dav dav, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis meej pem nrog exportable IQF ntim. Cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas yuav suav nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsim tawm rau kev muag khoom tshiab, kev ua haujlwm, kev siv hauv tsev lossis lwm txoj hauv kev. Cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm tuaj yeem pab pawg raspberries nrog blackberries, mulberries lossis loganberries nyob rau hauv ib txoj cai. Peb siv cov ntaub ntawv no los txheeb xyuas cov lus nug, tsis yog los lees paub tus neeg muag khoom lub tonnage muaj.

Northern thiab Central European ntau lawm tuaj yeem muab cov txheej txheem tsim, thaum North American ntau lawm suav nrog cultivars xaiv rau kev lag luam tshiab thiab ua tiav. Mexico thiab Morocco tuaj yeem ua haujlwm sib txawv tshiab - lub khw qhov rais, thiab Serbia thiab Poland tau lees paub cov hauv paus chiv keeb. Tuam Tshoj tseem muaj peev xwm cog raspberry thiab khov, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm tseem xav tau ntau ntau - theem ua liaj ua teb thiab chaw pov thawj es tsis yog lub teb chaws dav dav.

Tsis txhob muab lub hauv paus chiv keeb nrog ib lub npe xws li "zoo tshaj plaws." Lub hauv paus chiv keeb yog qhov uas nws sau daim ntawv qhia hnub, cultivar, tag nrho - txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog crumble kev ua tau zoo, tswj system, lo lus uas peb ua raws, txoj kev xa khoom thiab nqi ua haujlwm ua ke rau koj cov khoom. Ib tsob ntoo jam, smoothie muab tub lim thiab muag tag nrho -Berry hnab yuav rationally xaiv ntau qhov chaw.

Cultivar and Fruiting Type Change the Harvest Window

Raspberry canes ua raws ob hom kev lag luam txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Floricane-fruiting, los yog lub caij ntuj sov- bearing, hom qoob loo ntawm ob- xyoo canes. Primocane-fruiting, feem ntau hu ua lub caij nplooj zeeg-cov kabmob, hom tuaj yeem cog rau thawj xyoo - xyoo canes thaum lub caij ntuj sov lig lossis caij nplooj zeeg. Lub cheeb tsam, cultivar thiab ntau lawm system hloov cov hnub, yog li ib tug generic "raspberry lub caij" tsis yog ib tug txhim khu kev qha procurement calendar.

OSU's Pacific Northwest cultivar guide qhia qhov txawv ntawm ib cheeb tsam. Nws tso qhov pib ntawm Meeker floricane sau thaum lub Rau Hli lig hauv Oregon's Willamette Valley, thaum primocane cultivars pib tom qab; Cov cuab yeej cuab tam tau teev nyob ib puag ncig Lub Yim Hli 20 nyob ntawd thiab Autumn Bliss txog ob lub lis piam ua ntej. Cov no yog cov piv txwv hauv cheeb tsam cultivar, tsis yog hnub los luam rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus thoob ntiaj teb.

Kev xaiv qoob loo kuj cuam tshuam rau kev tso tawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, khov kho, xim, tsw thiab tshuab-kev ua tau zoo. OSU sau tseg tias cultivars haum rau tshuab sau xav tau cov nroj tsuag architecture uas tso cai rau sau, yooj yim tso tawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum siav, thiab txaus firmness rau IQF kev lag luam. Cov yam ntxwv zoo li no yog kev lag luam sib txuas: cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas yuav tsis tso tawm tsim cov qoob loo tsis zoo los yog puas lawm, thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muag heev yuav tawg ua ntej nws mus txog lub tub yees.

Nug ib tus neeg muag khoom los hais txog pawg neeg cog qoob loo lossis pawg tswj hwm cultivar thaum nws hloov koj cov txiaj ntsig. Yog hais tias lub cultivar tiag tiag tsis tau khaws cia los ntawm kev sau sib xyaw, tsis txhob tsim qhov tseeb. Hloov chaw, pom zoo cov zis ntsuas tau: Berry xim, suav lossis loj faib, soluble solids thiab acidity qhov twg muaj txiaj ntsig, tag nrho -berry rov qab, crumble, tsw, tsis xws luag thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim ntawv thov.

Fresh Berries muaj keeb kwm luv heev - mus rau -Lub Freezer Clock

Raspberries yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib xyaw. UC Davis teev cov tsos, khov kho, tsw, soluble solids thiab titratable acidity ntawm cov indices zoo thiab hais tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau sau nyob rau hauv ripe vim noj tsis zoo tom qab sau. Nws cov kev taw qhia bushberry muab raspberries tsuas yog li ntawm ob mus rau tsib hnub ntawm 0 ± 0.5℃nyob rau hauv kev pom tshiab cia.

Lub neej luv luv no ua rau thaj chaw khov kho tseem ceeb. Lub ntsiab lus deb tsis yog txoj kab ncaj nraim ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj; Nws yog lub sijhawm los ntawm kev xaiv rau kev tswj kom txias, sorting thiab khov. Kev sau me me qeeb, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sov, cov thawv ntim sib sib zog nqus, kev hloov pauv tsis zoo thiab rov ua dua tuaj yeem hloov cov suab paj nruag rau hauv to, crushing, pwm lossis crumble ua ntej IQF pib.

Kev tshawb fawb UC Davis raspberry tam sim no txhawb lub ntsiab lus yam tsis tau tsim cov qauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Nws tswj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv huab cua ntawm 5℃degraded ntau tom qab tsib hnub, thaum tshwj xeeb nce siab -CO2 kev kho mob raws li txoj kev tshawb fawb tsim qeeb qeeb. Tsis txhob xav tias qhov kev sim no yog siv los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom. Siv txoj kev tshawb no ua pov thawj tias qhov kub thiab txias, huab cua thiab lub sij hawm hloov firmness, leakiness, lwj thiab xim ua ntej ua.

Rau cov khoom khov khov, thov kev sau qoob loo-kom- khov cov lus piav qhia thiab txheeb xyuas nws thaum lub sijhawm tshawb xyuas lossis kev tsim nyog khiav haujlwm. Tshawb xyuas cov thawv ntim, ntxoov ntxoo, sib sau ua ke, tau txais qhov kub thiab txias, lub sijhawm tos, muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas, lub freezer pub thiab cov khoom lag luam- kub tso tawm. Ib zaj dab neeg ntxim nyiam hauv keeb kwm tsis tau them nyiaj rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sov so ua ntej ntawm cov kab ntau dhau.

Match Origin mus rau Frozen Form koj xav tau tiag tiag

Tag nrho IQF cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tag nrho- thiab- cov qhab nia tawg, tawg, cov pob zeb ntshiab thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas ntim cov khw muag khoom ib leeg tsis hloov pauv. Tag nrho - daim ntawv thov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov qoob loo ruaj khov, kev loj hlob, kev tuav thiab kev sib cais lub tub yees. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem txais cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tawg ntau dua tab sis tseem xav tau cov xim, tsw, cov noob, cov khoom txawv teb chaws, lwj thiab siv tau.

Covbulk khov raspberry nploojqhia txog kev lag luam cov khoom lag luam, tab sis qhov kev txiav txim yuav tsum kaw daim ntawv qhia tseeb. Qhia seb cov khoom puas yog liab raspberry, tag nrho -vim- tawg hauv paus, Berry loj txoj kev, xim ntau yam, crumble txhais, kaus mom, stems, nplooj, tsis paub tab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, puas txiv hmab txiv ntoo, xoob dej khov, clumps thiab pob.

USDA tswj cov txheej txheem sib cais rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nkag mus rau kev ua tiav thiab ua kom tiav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo khov. Cov qib ua tiav cov xim, cores, pwm los yog lwj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis paub qab hau, crushing, shriveling, txawv teb chaws teeb meem thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj. Cov txheej txheem khov kho muaj xim, qhov tsis xws luag, tus cwj pwm, tsw thiab tsw. Cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj ntawm Asmeskas, tsis yog tsis siv neeg lub ntiaj teb kev yuav khoom txwv, tab sis lawv qhia tias vim li cas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov khoom tiav tiav xav tau kev sib txuas ntawm kev tswj.

Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm keeb kwm yog li ntawd txuas ntxiv los ntawm thawing lossis thov. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo khov tuaj yeem saib tag nrho hauv lub hnab tab sis tawg mus rau hauv dej ntau dhau tom qab thawing. Lwm qhov yuav tau tawg ib nrab tsis tau muab cov xim zoo dua thiab tsw tawm los rau hauv ib lub ncuav puv. Ntsuam xyuas tus neeg sawv cev ntau hauv cov txheej txheem koj yuav ua tau tiag tiag.

Taug qab cov Lot los ntawm Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb lossis Sau Point rau Carton

Daim ntawv qhia kev ua haujlwm traceability qhia txog cov khoom nyoos, tau txais ntau, ua haujlwm ib ntus, packing khiav thiab tiav lawm code. Qhov twg cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ntau lub teb me me, qhov chaw khaws khoom yuav yog cov khoom siv raw- thaj tsam ntau. Qhov no tsuas yog siv tau yog tias lub kaw lus sau tseg uas cov neeg cog qoob loo, hnub tim thiab cov khoom xa tuaj nkag rau hauv pas dej ua ke thiab tuaj yeem cais qhov teeb meem mus rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Tshawb xyuas ob qho kev qhia. Xaiv ib lub thawv thiab taug qab nws rov qab mus rau qhov kev hloov pauv, lub sijhawm lub freezer, tau txais cov khoom thauj thiab cov neeg cog qoob loo lossis cov ntaub ntawv sau. Tom qab ntawd xaiv ib qho khoom siv raw thiab taug qab nws mus rau cov lej tiav, rov ua dua thiab pov tseg. Daim ntawv pov thawj uas muaj lub npe chaw ua haujlwm tsis tuaj yeem hloov qhov loj no - thiab -code kev sib txuas.

Lub teb chaws - ntawm - cov nqe lus keeb kwm yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai ntawm cov khoom thiab cov hom phiaj. Packing nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws tsis cia li ua rau lub teb chaws ua liaj ua teb. Yog tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hla ciam teb ua ntej khov lossis rov ntim dua, thov kom hloov pauv, kev lis kev cai thiab cov ntaub ntawv taug kev. Tsis txhob cia siab rau qhov chaw nyob xa khoom lossis chaw nyob xa tawm raws li cov pov thawj keeb kwm.

    Tus neeg yuav khoom piv txwv:Lub caij nyoog 400-tuj lub caij siv txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm 28 lub teb tau pom zoo los ntawm peb lub chaw sau khoom thiab ob lub freezer kab. Tus neeg muag khoom qhia txhua lub thawv rau ib lub chaw sau khoom, ib qho kev sau qoob loo uas tau hais tseg - hnub tim thiab ib lub freezer hloov. Ib qho kev tsis txaus siab cuam tshuam txog 12 lub thawv tuaj yeem tuav tawm qhov kev sib txuas ntawm lub sijhawm es tsis yog tag nrho lub caij, muab kev sib haum xeeb loj thiab kev txheeb xyuas ntau nyob ib sab txhawb ciam teb.

Sib piv Keeb Kwm ntawm Usable -Yield Endpoint

Keeb kwm cuam tshuam rau tus nqi, tab sis tus nqi ib kilogram xa tawm tsis qhia qhov muaj sia nyob koj kab. Tshawb xyuas cov qauv khov rau tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tawg, ntau dhau, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis tau tsim, lub kaus mom, stems, nplooj, clumps, dej khov xoob, lwj thiab tawm -xim. Tom qab ntawd khiav qhov pom zoo thaw, sieve, puree los yog ua noj ua haus xeem.

Daim ntawv qhia cais rauvim li cas khov raspberry nqi txawvpiav qhia txog kev ua haujlwm, tag nrho -Berry rov qab, ua thiab tawm los. Siv cov logic ntawd los sib piv cov peev txheej ntawm ib daim ntawv thov es tsis txhob kho lub teb chaws lub npe raws li qib zoo.

    Piv txwv ua haujlwm:Keeb Kwm A raug nqi USD 2.40 / kg xa thiab muab 91.0% cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siv tau tom qab pom zoo tag nrho - txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov khoom tsis zoo. Keeb Kwm B raug nqi USD 2.22 / kg tab sis muab 82.0% cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siv tau vim tias ntau cov khoom poob rau hauv cov khoom tsis raug pom zoo thiab cov khoom tsis raug. Tus nqi ib kilogram uas siv tau yog USD 2.40 muab faib los ntawm 0.91, lossis USD 2.64 rau A, piv rau USD 2.22 muab faib los ntawm 0.82, lossis USD 2.71 rau B. Tus nqi qis dua ua rau tus nqi siv tau ntau dua.

Cov txiaj ntsig no yog cov duab qhia kev ntseeg, tsis yog XMSD ntau qhov tshwm sim lossis muab. Hloov lawv nrog kev ntsuas tus neeg sawv cev thiab cais cov khoom khov khov khov kho los ntawm cov txheej txheem tom qab yield. Yog tias koj daim ntawv thov siv puree, tswj crumble yuav siv tau tag nrho; yog tias nws pom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis zoo, tib daim yuav ua rau poob lag luam.

Txheeb xyuas kev nyab xeeb, kuaj, thiab npaj siv los ntawm ntau

Kev khov khov khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tab sis tsis yog kauj ruam kom tsis muaj menyuam. Txhais kev npaj siv raws li npaj ua ntej-rau- noj, ua tiav, lossis ua raws li kev noj qab haus huv hauv qab, thiab ua raws li kev soj ntsuam kev phom sij, kev tswj hwm tus neeg muag khoom, phiaj xwm microbiological, daim ntawv lo thiab cov lus qhia ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Covkhov raspberry kev nyab xeeb phau ntawv qhiapiav qhia txog vim li cas cov khoom siv hauv chav kawm thiab siv hloov cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj lub nra.

Tsis txhob hloov ib qho kev lag luam raws li kev cai lij choj lossis ib tus neeg siv khoom txwv rau txhua lub hauv paus chiv keeb. Tsim cov kev sim thiab tso tawm cov phiaj xwm los ntawm txoj cai lij choj, kev faib khoom, kev siv, keeb kwm ntawm tus neeg siv khoom, kev tswj cov txheej txheem thiab kev soj ntsuam kev pheej hmoo. Lub xeev txoj hauv kev, cov qauv coj mus kuaj, cov kev cai sib xyaw, kev sim ua kom muaj peev xwm thiab ntau qhov chaw ua ntej cov txiaj ntsig tuaj txog.

Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ua liaj ua teb tuaj yeem suav nrog kev pom zoo - tswj kev nkag, kev ntsuas kev pheej hmoo dej, kev tu neeg ua haujlwm, sau qoob loo- kev huv huv thiab kev taug qab. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj muaj xws li tau txais, txheeb xyuas, ntxuav qhov chaw siv, khov, ib puag ncig thiab cov khoom lag luam, kev tswj hwm cov khoom txawv teb chaws, kev ntim khoom, khov cia thiab kev kho kom raug. Thov pov thawj rau qhov chaw ua liaj ua teb xaiv - chaw- khoom ua ke; daim ntawv pov thawj yuav them rau ib qhov chaw tab sis tsis yog txhua yam khoom, thov lossis lub caij.

Thaum sib piv cov hauv paus chiv keeb, khaws keeb kwm kev ua tau zoo los ntawm ntau thiab lub caij. Cov pwm pwm los yog lwj, cov khoom txawv teb chaws, crumble, xim, tag nrho -Berry yield, sensory results, temperature events, complaints and response time. Lub teb chaws zoo nruab nrab tsis tuaj yeem cawm tus neeg xa khoom tsis muaj zog, thiab ib lub caij nyuaj yuav tsum ua pov thawj kev tshuaj xyuas ntau dua li qhov kev xav tsis zoo txog keeb kwm.

Ntim thiab xa daim ntawv tso cai tuaj yeem tsis poob nws tus kheej

Ntim yuav tsum tiv thaiv kev sib cais, ya raws, kev cai lij choj thiab kev pom zoo thov. Paub meej tias cov khoom siv sab hauv, foob, net hnyav, thawv lub zog, daim ntawv lo lus, keeb kwm nqe lus, ntau code thiab pallet qauv. Saib xyuas lubkhov ntim xaiv, tom qab ntawd sim cov kev tsim kho uas tau xaiv ntawm qhov tseeb sau qhov hnyav, txoj kev thiab lub sijhawm cia.

Khaws lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab traceability los ntawm tej repacking los yog ntiag tug -label lag luam. Lub khw muag khoom code yuav tsum tseem txuas mus rau qhov ntau lossis ntau lawm, ntim lub sijhawm thiab cov khoom siv raw. Yog tias ob peb lub hauv paus raug pom zoo raws li ib lub npe, txheeb xyuas cov ntawv sau, cov khoom muag thiab cov kev hloov pauv kom tsis txhob muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm los ntawm kev siv rau cov khoom tsis raug.

Tshawb xyuas cov khoom raug, khov- cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj, rooj plaub thiab cov tshev tuaj txog. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov taw tes tsis zoo ib yam li cov khoom keeb kwm. Daim ntawv qhia txhua qhov clumping, lub cev qhuav dej lossis crushed rooj plaub los ntawm pallet txoj hauj lwm thiab muab piv nrog cov qauv khaws cia. Qhov no pab cais cov keeb kwm zoo los ntawm kev puas tsuaj tom qab cov khoom tawm hauv lub tub yees.

Pom zoo ib qho thib ob keeb kwm ua ntej qhov tseem ceeb ua tsis tiav, tsis yog thaum lub sijhawm tsis txaus. Khiav tib tus kheej, qhov tsis xws luag, kev hnov ​​​​lus, daim ntawv thov, kev sim, ntim thiab cov ntaub ntawv kuaj xyuas. Ib qho kev xaiv ua ntej tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv daim ntawv qhia hnub, tab sis nws yuav tsum nkag mus rau tus qauv tsuas yog tom qab sab - los ntawm - sab kev ua tau zoo yog nkag siab.

Cov lus nug nquag

Qhov twg liab raspberries pib los ntawm?

Oregon State University Extension piav qhia txog liab raspberry,Rubus idaeus, raws li ib txwm nyob rau sab qaum teb North America thiab Eurasia. Qhov ntau yam botanical no txawv ntawm cov kev cai lij choj thiab kev lag luam lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm rau ib qho khoom khov tam sim no.

Lub teb chaws twg tsim cov raspberries tshaj plaws?

Tam sim no FAOSTAT cov ntaub ntawv ntau lawm qhov chaw Russia, Mexico, Serbia, Tebchaws Meskas, Poland thiab Morocco ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom loj. Qib thiab ntim hloov pauv los ntawm lub xyoo, thiab tag nrho cov khoom lag luam tsis sib npaug ntawm cov khoom xa tawm IQF. Tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no thiab tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas tus neeg xa khoom tiag tiag, kev sau qoob loo thiab lub freezer txoj kev.

Puas yog black raspberries zoo ib yam li blackberries?

Tsis yog. Ib qho raspberry feem ntau cais tawm ntawm nws lub chaw txais khoom thaum sau thiab yog qhov khoob hauv, thaum lub blackberry khaws lub receptacle. Lub npe hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txheeb xyuas cov khoom duab thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb es tsis txhob cia siab rau xim tsaus ib leeg.

Puas yog lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm lav khov raspberry zoo?

Tsis yog. Cultivar, maturity, harvesting handle, time to freezing, sorting, process control, pack and cold-chain history txiav txim siab qhov khoom xa tuaj. Siv cov keeb kwm raws li qhov tseeb traceability thiab pom zoo ntau npaum li cas tiv thaiv kev ntsuas khov thiab cov txheej txheem thov.

Yuav ua li cas cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yuav tsum tau khov raspberry buyer thov?

Thov cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj raws cai, ntxiv rau ntau daim ntawv qhia kev sib txuas ua liaj ua teb lossis chaw khaws khoom, tau txais ntau, lub sijhawm lub freezer, ntim cov ntawv sau thiab cov lis dej num. Ntxiv cov khoom, chaw, kuaj thiab traceability pov thawj xav tau los ntawm koj lub hom phiaj thiab npaj siv.

Kev xav zaum kawg los ntawm XMSD

Raspberries muaj thaj chaw dav dav thiab kev lag luam, tab sis cov neeg yuav khoom yuav ntau, tsis yog lub tebchaws. Cov lus teb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo txuas rau hom qoob loo lossis hom tswj, ua liaj ua teb lossis sau cov ntsiab lus, sau lub qhov rais, lub sijhawm kom khov, qhov chaw, cov lej tiav, kev tshuaj xyuas thiab daim ntawv thov tshwm sim.

Thaum koj sib piv cov peev txheej ntawm qhov siv tau -yield point thiab khaws cov keeb kwm tseeb- mus rau -carton trail, keeb kwm dhau los ua cov khoom siv ua haujlwm- tswj kev sib txawv. Nws tuaj yeem pab txhawb kev npaj caij nyoog thiab kev sib txawv yam tsis tau hloov lub teb chaws lub npe rau hauv kev cog lus tsis zoo.

Cov ntaub ntawv

1. Food and Agriculture Organization ntawm United Nations.FAOSTAT Cov qoob loo thiab tsiaj txhu cov ntaub ntawv.
2. Oregon State University Extension.Raspberry Cultivars rau Pacific Northwest.
3. UC Davis Postharvest Research thiab Extension Center.Bushberries: kev loj hlob, zoo thiab tom qab sau qoob.
4. Saito S, et al.Txuas Raspberry Txee Lub Neej thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Tshaj Plaws nrog CO2 Atmospheres. Horticulture.
5. USDA Agricultural Marketing Service.Raspberries rau Kev Ua Qib thiab Cov Qauv.
6. USDA Agricultural Marketing Service.Frozen Raspberries Qib thiab Cov Qauv.