Khov Qhuav Noj

Khov ua kom qhuav cov khoom noj muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev tswj hwm nws cov freshness thiab cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tuaj yeem khaws cia nyob rau hauv chav tsev txias ntau dua tsib xyoos yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Nws thawj zaug tshwm nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov ntawm Apollo lub hli astronauts. Vim tias nws lub teeb yuag, yooj yim nqa thiab thauj, khov-qhuav khoom noj pib nkag rau neeg 0010010 # 39; s lub neej txhua hnub, tau dhau los ua kev lom zem thiab zaub mov noj qab haus huv yooj yim.

Tam sim no, hom zaub mov khov-khov hauv Suav teb kuj tseem sib xws, suav nrog zaub khov-khov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub qhuav-khov, nqaij nyuj khov-txias, thiab kua zaub. Qhov feem ntau yog cov 0010010 quot; zaub nyuj 0010010 quot; seasoning package nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus tam sim ntawv, lub cev qhuav dej tuaj yeem ncav cuag 95%.

Ua kom tau li tus nqi siab ntawm lub cev qhuav dej thiab xauv rau hauv cov khoom noj ntawm cov zaub mov nws tus kheej yog nyob ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm kev siv tshuab kev lag luam, lyophilization. Cov thev naus laus zis, uas yog pib hauv tebchaws Russia hauv 1940 s, yog qhov tshiab rau Tuam Tshoj, qhov chaw uas nws muaj cov khoom lag luam muab cov nyom, feem ntau yog rau kev xa tawm.

Lub tshuab thev naus laus zis tsis yooj yim npaum li cas. Cias muab, lyophilization yog sublimation ntawm khov khoom. Sublimation tshwm sim thaum lub khov ua kua pib tig mus rau hauv lub xeev gaseous. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem khov-ziab tsuas yog suav nrog peb theem: ua ntej khov, thawj ziab, thiab ziab ua kom qhuav.

Cov khoom noj khov-khov ua ntej yuav tsum tau ua ntej rau precool hauv qab eutectic qhov kub, kuj yog thawj cov khoom siv khov ntawm cov khoom noj khov (solute), thiab tom qab ntawd dhau los ntawm sublimation los ntawm cov zaub mov kom tshem tawm cov dej khov, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj kev ntsuas kub thiab siab thaum lub sijhawm no ob , sublimation tus nqi nyob ntawm vapor siab ntawm cov zaub mov thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lub vapor siab ntawm dej khov, cov pa roj los ntawm cov qauv ntsuas siab txav mus rau qhov piv txwv ntawm lub siab, vim lub vapor siab thiab kub, yog li cov zaub mov tseem yuav tsum siab tshaj qhov teeb ntsuas kub kub. Tom qab thawj zaug ziab, tag nrho cov dej khov rau hauv cov zaub mov sublimates, tseem muaj qee cov kua hauv cov zaub mov, dhau ntawm kev ziab khaub ncaws thib ob kom tshem tawm cov dej ntau dhau. Cov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua isothermal desorption, qhov twg ntau cov dej hauv cov dej ntawm qhov kub yog qhov tsim nyog.

Hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm lyophilization, cov txheej txheem khov tsim nyog thiab kev tsim nyog cia yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Nrog kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev tsim kho tas mus li, niaj hnub no 0010010 # 39; s khov-siv tshuab ua kom zoo nkauj kuj yog neeg paub tab, hauv cov tebchaws txawv teb chaws, zaub mov qhuav-khov yog nrov heev, txawm tias feem ntau tsis txaus siv.