Kaum Mushrooms Cook With: Flavor, Texture and Dishw Pairings

Rau cov nceb me me uas haum rau ntau cov tais diav txhua hnub, pib nrog lub pob dawb. Xaiv shiitake thaum koj xav tau ib qho kev nthuav qhia ntau dua aroma, huab tais oyster thaum cov khoom tuab thiab cov teeb meem tom, los yog oyster nceb thaum koj xav tau kev sib tw, cov khoom tsis sib xws nrog cov npoo muag. Qhov kev xaiv qab tshaj plaws yog qhov uas nws qhov tsw thiab kev ntxhib los mos ua haujlwm hauv cov zaub mov tiav.

Kaum qhov kev xaiv muaj txiaj ntsig yog pob dawb, cremini, portobello, shiitake, oyster, huab tais oyster, beech, maitake, tsov ntxhuav mane thiab enoki. Cov no yog kaum cov khoom noj uas paub txog- kev xaiv hauv khw, tsis yog kaum hom tsis sib xws lossis qeb duas los ntawm qhov phem tshaj mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Dawb khawm, cremini thiab portobello yog cov ntaub ntawv lag luam ntawm Agaricus bisporus. Kev npaj, txiav qhov loj me thiab daim ntawv qhia ntxiv tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem ntau npaum li lub npe ntawm pob.

Siv cov nceb muag ua zaub mov los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom txhim khu kev qha. Cov lus piav qhia thiab cov duab txhawb kev xaiv ua noj, tsis qhia txog cov nceb qus. Rau cov nceb khov uas sau rau kev ua noj, ua kom tiav cov kauj ruam ua noj. Enoki xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb: CDC qhia txog kev ua noj ua haus zoo thiab ceeb toom rau cov khw noj mov kom tsis txhob noj cov nqaij nyoos lossis muab cov nqaij nyoos enoki rau cov kua zaub tam sim ua ntej kev pabcuam. [1,2,14]

Peb txoj kev paub zoo rau txhua hnub savory tais diav

1. Dawb khawm: qhov pib me me

Dawb pob nceb yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum cov tais diav yuav tsum nyob twj ywm pom. Lawv cov nceb me me tsw haum ib qho yooj yim pasta ntses, omelet los yog zaub zaub sib xyaw. Mushroom Council piav qhia txog lawv cov tsw li ua kom paub meej nrog kev ua noj. Xaiv qhov txiav ib ncig ntawm cov pluas noj: cov hlais muab cov khoom pom, thaum cov nceb chopped faib los ntawm kev txhaws. [1]

Rau tsev neeg sim nceb nyob rau hauv ib lub tais uas paub, ib qho kev xaiv me me ua rau qhov kev hloov pauv yooj yim dua los ntsuas. Khaws cov ntses thiab seasoning ze rau daim ntawv qhia niaj hnub kom cov nceb pab tau pom meej. Yog tias lub tais zoo li dej, tshuaj xyuas qhov kev npaj thiab kom muaj nuj nqis ua ntej txiav txim siab tias ntau yam nws tus kheej tsis tsim nyog. Daim duab qhia pom cov nceb dawb thiab daim tshev loj, tsis yog qhov tshwj xeeb loj.

2. Cremini: ib tug fuller tsw nyob rau hauv ib tug compact daim ntawv

Cremini, kuj spelled crimini thiab feem ntau muag raws li tus me nyuam bella los yog xim av nceb, muab ib tug fuller, earthier tsw tshaj dawb khawm. Lawv firmer kev ntxhib los mos yuav pab tau thaum lub nceb yuav tsum nyob twj ywm pom nyob rau hauv ib tug siav tais. Lawv yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau cov kua ntses nrog cov cim qhia tau hais tias nceb lossis rau cov khoom noj nrog rau lwm cov zaub. [3]

Muab piv rau hauv tib daim ntawv qhia ua ntej yuav hloov mus tas li. Khaws cov kev txiav zoo sib xws rau qhov kev sib piv thawj zaug. Tom qab ntawd kho lawv qhov loj me thaum koj tau xaiv qhov tsw koj nyiam.

3. Portobello: lub hau loj uas tuaj yeem tsim tau ib feem

Portobello, tseem spelled portabella, yog daim ntawv loj loj ua lag luam. Nws lub kaus mom dav thiab ntau qhov tom ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov ci ci los yog ci hauv nruab nrab, ib qho khoom siv los yog cov qhaub cij. Mushroom Council piav txog qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntawd txawv ntawm kev nchuav me me nceb hlais los ntawm cov ntses. [4]

Thaum npaj ib feem, saib ntawm qhov siv tau loj npaum li cas thiab qhov ua tau zoo li cas haum rau lub phaj lossis pob. Lub hau nyoos loj tuaj yeem hloov pauv thaum npaj. Ntsuam xyuas qhov tseeb es tsis xaiv los ntawm cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov zaub. Ib qho nceb siv rau hauv cov tais tsis muaj nqaij tseem xav tau cov khoom noj uas tau npaj kom tsim nyog; ib qho zoo sib xws tsuas yog kev sib piv ua noj.

Muaj zog aroma los yog lwm qhov tom

4. Shiitake: muaj qhov txawv txav

Shiitake yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo thaum nceb aroma yuav tsum yog ib feem ntawm cov tais diav. Nws muaj ib tug ntau pronounced woodsy tsw thiab ib tug ntau npaum li cas siav zoo nkauj. Tshawb xyuas cov stems thaum npaj: tawv los yog ntoo stems xav tau kev sib txawv ntawm lub kaus mom thiab tuaj yeem muab tso tseg rau daim ntawv qhia tsim nyog. [5]

Rau ib lub tais noodle, peb yuav xub sim ib lub kaus mom pom thiab saj nws nrog cov ntses. Rau kev sau, ib qho me me tuaj yeem faib cov aroma ntau tus sib npaug. Cov no yog kev siv tib yam nceb. Covkhov shiitake formatyuav tsum tau soj ntsuam rau qhov kev txiav tawm thiab xav tau kev npaj ua ntej yuav muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv qhia.

5. Oyster: cov khoom sib tw thiab muag muag

Oyster nceb muab cov duab sib txawv los ntawm lub kaus mom puag ncig. Lawv pawg, kiv cua-zoo li daim ntawv tuaj yeem raug muab cais ua cov khoom tsis sib xws, thiab Pawg Mushroom tau piav qhia txog qhov muag tsw qab nrog cov velvety zoo nkauj. Hauv kev npaj lub lauj kaub, cov npoo thiab cov tuab tuab tuaj yeem muab cov kev xav sib txawv hauv tib qhov tom. [6]

Siv cov duab ntawd txhob txwm tshaj tawm. Cov khoom loj dua tuaj yeem saib zoo nkauj ntawm lub phaj, thaum daim ntawv chopped haum rau qhov sib tov uas txhua feem xav tau kev faib tawm. Kov cov khoom nrog cov tais kawg hauv siab es tsis hais tias txhua yam yuav tsum zoo li lub pob khawm zoo. Yog tias daim ntawv qhia siv hnyav hnyav, xyuas seb cov qauv pom tau zoo npaum li cas.

6. Huab tais oyster: tuab qia rau txhob txwm txiav

King oyster, tseem hu ua huab tais trumpet, yog xaiv ntau rau nws cov qia tuab thiab ruaj khov. Crosswise rounds, lengthwise slices thiab tsuav muab sib txawv heev. Nws cov tsos mob me me, nutty tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ib daim ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txiav thiab tom yog lub ntsiab attraction. Mushroom Council txheeb xyuas nws li Pleurotus eryngii. [7]

Lo lus oyster ntawm kev yuav khoom piav qhia tsis txaus thaum daim ntawv qhia xav tau huab tais oyster rounds. Ordinary oyster pieces muaj qhov sib txawv geometry. Peb yuav tshuaj xyuas qhov txiav nyob rau hauv cov tais diav tiav thiab sib piv cov thickest pieces, tsis yog qhov txaus nyiam browned nto. Ib puag ncig tsim nyog yuav tsum yooj yim txiav thiab noj ntawm qhov chaw npaj noj.

Cov kaus mom me me, cov ntawv sib txuas thiab cov stems ntev

7. Beech: me me nrog ib qho kev pom tom

Beech nceb yog muag hauv cov ntawv dawb thiab xim av thiab tseem hu ua bunashimeji. Lawv cov kaus mom me me thiab cov stems tuaj yeem ntxiv cov duab ntxim nyiam rau cov kua zaub, noodle tais lossis zaub zaub zaub. Ua noj ua rau lawv cov qab zib, savory thiab nutty cim; nyoos beech nceb tuaj yeem saj iab. [8]

Txiav txim siab seb ib pawg me me lossis cov khoom sib cais yuav yooj yim dua noj. Ib pawg zoo nkauj yuav ntxim nyiam hauv daim duab tab sis txawv txawv hauv ib rab diav yog tias nws loj dhau. Txiav thiab cais raws li daim ntawv qhia xaiv, tom qab ntawd xyuas qhov feem hauv lub tais tiag tiag. Lub saj thiab noj qab haus huv yuav tsum ua haujlwm ua ke.

8. Maitake: ib pawg nceb nrog tus cwj pwm nplua nuj

Maitake, feem ntau hu ua hen ntawm ntoo, muaj rippling, kiv cua -zoo li kev loj hlob thiab ib tug pronounced woodsy tsw. Pawg Mushroom piav qhia tag nrho - pawg thiab me me - khoom siv ua noj. Nws cov npoo ntau tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm qhov kev thov rov hais dua hauv kev npaj browned, thaum me me tuaj yeem faib los ntawm cov tais diav. [9]

Xaiv ntau npaum li cas ntawm pawg yuav tsum nyob twj ywm pom. Yog tias koj xav tau ib feem ntawm nceb, tiv thaiv daim ntawv los ntawm kev tuav. Yog tias lub hom phiaj yog tsw thoob plaws hauv cov ntses, cov khoom me me yuav yooj yim dua. Sib piv cov txiaj ntsig tiav tom qab ntxiv cov ntses vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov npoo uas zoo li nkig tam sim tom qab ua noj.

9. Lion's mane: kev sib tw zoo nkauj rau kev nthuav qhia txawv

Lion's mane muaj lub ntsej muag dawb thiab lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj feem ntau piv nrog cov plhaub ntses. Nws cov qab zib me me tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv lub lauj kaub -seared npaj los yog hauv daim ua ke nrog cov kua ntses uas tsim nyog. Kev sib piv piav qhia txog kev xav noj mov; nws tsis yog ib qho kev thov tias cov nceb muaj cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo ib yam lossis muaj cov khoom noj nqaij nruab deg. [10]

Sim ua ib qho yooj yim ua ntej ntxiv cov kua ntses uas muaj zog, tom qab ntawd saj nws nrog cov kev npaj ua ke. Xaiv nws raws li cov khoom noj khoom haus es tsis yog tso siab rau kev lag luam ntxiv lossis cov lus cog tseg txog kev nco thiab kab mob.

10. Enoki: zoo stems rau kom huv si tais diav

Enoki nqa cov stems ntev thiab cov kaus mom me me rau lub tais. Nws muaj qhov tsw me me, yog li nws daim ntawv thiab tom tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov muaj zog nceb aroma. Nws lub ntsej muag muag yuav tsum tsis txhob nkag siab nrog kev npaj noj. Ua kom huv si thiab khaws cov nqaij nyoos enoki cais ntawm cov khoom noj uas yuav tau txais kev pab yam tsis muaj kev ua noj ntxiv. [2,11]

Rau cov kua zaub los yog lub lauj kaub kub, suav nrog enoki hauv cov txheej txheem ua noj es tsis txhob siv nws ua cov khoom siv raw. Muab faib rau pawg kom nws tswj tau los pab thiab noj. CDC ceeb toom tshwj xeeb tias tso cov nqaij nyoos enoki rau ntawm cov kua zaub ua ntej noj yuav tsis ua kom sov txaus. Ua raws li cov lus qhia npaj rau cov khoom thiab ua tiav cov tais diav. [2]

Xaiv los ntawm txoj haujlwm uas nceb yuav ua

Ib daim ntawv teev npe tseem ceeb pib nrog peb nqe lus nug. Cov nceb yuav tsum muab keeb kwm savoriness los yog txawv aroma? Nws puas yuav muab tso rau hauv lub tais los yog nyob twj ywm ib qho pom? Nws puas yuav noj tam sim ntawd, tuav luv luv rau kev pabcuam lossis rov ua dua ua ib feem ntawm cov zaub mov npaj? Teb cov lus ua ntej xaiv cov khoom kim lossis txawv txawv.

Rau keeb kwm yav dhau tsw, hom ntawv khawm me tuaj yeem yog qhov kev sim siab. Txhawm rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, sim shiitake lossis maitake hauv daim ntawv qhia npaj. Rau kev txiav ntau heev, sib piv lub kaus mom portobello nrog huab tais oyster hlais raws li qhov kev nthuav qhia koj xav tau. Cov no yog cov lus qhia ua noj los tshawb nrhiav, tsis yog daim ntawv hloov pauv tas li.

Ib qho nceb uas qab ntawm nws tus kheej tuaj yeem poob rau hauv cov ntses muaj zog. Qhov ntxeev kuj tshwm sim: ib qho nceb muaj zog tuaj yeem ua tus thawj lub teeb tais. Saj kom tiav qhov ncauj ua ntej hloov qhov kom muaj nuj nqis. suav nrog cov qhob cij, noodles, broth los yog cov khoom xyaw uas yuav ua tau nrog nws, vim tias lawv txiav txim siab qhov nyiaj tshuav kawg.

CovXMSD nceb ntau yamqhia cov khoom lag luam cov ntaub ntawv rau cov ntawv thov siav. Khaws qhov kev xaiv ntau yam thiab hom kom meej meej thaum tsiv ntawm ib lub tswv yim mus rau ib qho qauv. Ib qho kev thov dav dav rau cov nceb sib xyaw tawm qhov tsw tshuav qhib, txawm tias tag nrho cov nceb qhov hnyav yog qhov tseeb.

Piv txwv 1: xaiv cov nceb tshuav nyiaj li cas rau cov ntses

Hypothetical hauv tsev ua piv txwv: tus ua noj npaj cov ntses nrog 400 g ntawm cov nceb npaj thiab xav tau cov ntawv ceeb toom shiitake yam tsis tau ua shiitake tag nrho cov khoom xyaw. Ib qho kev sim siv 300 g dawb khawm thiab 100 g shiitake. Qhov ntawd yog 75% mus rau 25% faib los ntawm cov khoom xyaw npaj hnyav. Ib qho kev sim thib ob siv 200 g ntawm txhua qhov, muab 50% rau 50% faib.

Qhov kev txiav txim siab txog qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug, tsis yog qhov sib xyaw ua haujlwm zoo dua. Khaws daim ntawv qhia ntses, nceb txiav thiab ua noj ua haus zoo ib yam hauv ob qho kev sim. Saj txhua cov ntses nrog cov nplej zom lossis lwm yam zaub mov nws yuav nrog. Tus kws ua zaub mov xaiv qhov sib tov uas muab cov nceb npaj rau hauv qhov ua tiav tom.

Cov piv txwv no yog cov lus piav qhia, tsis pom zoo cov qauv lossis ntsuas qhov tsw- qhov sib npaug. Doubling qhov sib koom shiitake tsis lav ob zaug qhov pom tau tias aroma. Ob qhov kev sim tsuas ua rau kev xaiv yooj yim dua rov ua dua. Yog tias qhov kev sib xyaw nyiam yog thawj zaug, sau ob qhov hnyav es tsis txhob sau cov nceb sib xyaw xwb.

Rau ib tug tom qab 800 g nceb batch siv cov thawj piv, cov kev npaj inputs ua 600 g dawb khawm thiab 200 g shiitake. Khaws cov khoom ua noj kom tswj tau thiab ntsuas qhov loj dua batch dua. Kev ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom xyaw khaws cia cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, thaum cov khoom siv thiab ua noj ua haus tseem yuav tsum tsim cov kua ntses uas siv tau.

Fresh, qhuav thiab khov yog cais cov zaub mov xaiv

Daim ntawv qhia zaub mov hloov qhov chaw pib. Ib qho nceb tshiab, nceb qhuav thiab khov npaj txiav yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov pauv gram rau gram yam tsis tau rov xav txog daim ntawv qhia. Cov khoom qhuav qhuav xav tau lawv tus kheej npaj, thiab cov khoom khov tuaj yeem nqa cov lus qhia ua noj tshwj xeeb rau lawv cov txheej txheem. Txheeb xyuas lub xeev ntawd ua ntej ua haujlwm tawm tus nqi rau lub tais.

Rau shiitake tshwj xeeb, cov ntaub ntawv qhuav yog feem ntau xaiv rau qhov khaus ntau dua. Covqhuav shiitake khoomyog ib qho khoom sib txawv los ntawm ib lub hnab khov khov. Siv ib daim ntawv qhia sau rau daim ntawv xaiv thiab ua raws li cov khoom npaj cov lus qhia. Tsis txhob hnov ​​​​qab txog qhov rov ua dej tawm los ntawm daim duab ntawm lub kaus mom qhuav.

Peb yuav sib piv cov qauv nceb khov tom qab txoj kev ua noj tiag tiag, suav nrog cov kauj ruam uas siv hauv daim ntawv qhia. Saib xyuas cov khoom siv loj, ruaj khov thiab tso kua dej sib cais. Cov nceb tuaj yeem khaws cov qauv zoo nkauj tab sis ua rau cov kua dej dawb ntau dhau rau lub topping, thaum cov kua tib yam tuaj yeem txais tos hauv cov kua zaub.

Covkhov sliced ​​mushroom hommuaj feem cuam tshuam thaum txawm faib thiab pom cov hlais tseem ceeb. Ntsuas tus cwj pwm hlais raws li koj qhov kev npaj ua tiav es tsis yog xav tias txhua tus nceb khov muaj qhov zoo ib yam. Cov khoom ntiag tug, txiav thiab lub xeev npaj tau koom ua ke hauv cov ntaub ntawv sim.

Piv txwv 2: xaiv ib hom ntawv rau cov khoom sib npaug

Piv txwv li kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo: ib chav ua noj xav tau kaum ob feem uas muaj 60 g ntawm siav, drained mushroom pieces. Lub hom phiaj tso zis yog 12 × 60=720 g. Hauv kev sim ua piv txwv, ib hom ntawv thov muab 750 g usable output los ntawm 1,000 g input, thaum lwm tus muab 650 g ntawm tib lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv nws cov kev npaj tsim nyog. Cov no yog cov txiaj ntsig tau los piav qhia qhov kev txiav txim siab, tsis yog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb.

Thawj qhov kev sim tawm 30 g saum lub hom phiaj. Qhov thib ob poob qis los ntawm 70 g. Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tau pom dua, qhov pib xav tau rau lub hom phiaj yuav yog 720 ÷ 0.75=960 g rau thawj hom thiab kwv yees li 720 ÷ 0.65=1,108 g rau qhov thib ob. Khaws lub hauv paus tawm los khi rau cov txheej txheem ua noj thiab tso dej.

Chav ua noj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb daim twg haum rau lub tais. Cov zis ntau dua tsis muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias nws suav nrog cov kua dej tsis xav tau lossis cov khoom ua tsis tiav qhov xav tau tom. Muab piv rau qhov tseeb ntawm lub phaj, tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab seb qhov tsw thiab kev nthuav qhia puas tsim nyog rau ntau qhov sib txawv. Qhov hnyav ib leeg tsuas yog ib feem ntawm qhov kev txiav txim.

Thaum xaiv ib hom ntawv, rov ua qhov kev sim nrog tus qauv tus neeg sawv cev ua ntej ua tiav cov nuj nqis niaj hnub. Sau ob qho tib si qhov hnyav thiab cov kev soj ntsuam zoo, suav nrog seb cov khoom puas thaum lub sij hawm faib. Qhov ntawd ua rau tus neeg yuav khoom muaj qhov laj thawj rau kev xaiv cov khoom dhau ntawm cov tsos nqaij nyoos lossis kev thov dav dav ntawm cov nceb hwm.

Khaws qhov kev txiav txim tasting grounded hauv cov tais tiag

Siv cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim rau kev sim nceb tshiab: lub npe thiab hom ntawv, npaj qhov hnyav, daim ntawv qhia, txoj kev ua noj, cov khoom siv tau thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig. Rau ib tug sauce, nco ntsoov aroma thiab kua sib npaug. Rau ib qho topping, nco ntsoov pom kev pab them nqi thiab tom. Rau tag nrho ib feem, nco ntsoov yooj yim npaum li cas nws tuaj yeem pab thiab txiav. Khaws cov lus piav qhia tshwj xeeb: ib lub qia uas tseem nyuaj heev xav tau cov lus teb sib txawv ntawm lub hau uas tawg thaum nplawm. Cov kev soj ntsuam no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv yam tsis tas yuav hloov pauv cov nceb ntau yam. Cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum piav qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub tais.

Cov duab tuaj yeem pab sib piv cov txiaj ntsig pom, tab sis lawv yuav tsum qhia tib theem kev npaj. Cov khoom khov ntawm ib sab ntawm lub phaj siav tsis yog qhov sib piv ncaj qha kev ntxhib los mos. Siv ib daim duab ntawm qhov ua tiav yog tias qhov kev nthuav qhia tsav qhov kev txiav txim siab, thiab khaws ib daim ntawv luv luv rau aroma lossis tom uas daim duab tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus.

Cov ncauj lus kom ntxawsMushroom yuav daim ntawv qhianpog tus kheej thiab kev lag luam specifications. Rau kev xaiv noj hmo los yog tsim cov ntawv qhia zaub mov, pib nrog qhov tsw thiab daim ntawv koj xav tau, tom qab ntawd siv cov ntaub ntawv nrhiav thaum daim ntawv qhia npaj rau kev yuav khoom dua. Qhov no ua rau qhov kev tawm dag zog tasting thiab kev yuav khoom piav qhia meej.

Thaum kawg, khaws cov khoom noj kom ruaj ntseg cais ntawm tus kheej saj. Poison Control tawm tswv yim tawm tsam kev noj cov nceb qus yam tsis muaj kev paub txog tus kws tshaj lij thiab piav qhia tias kev ua noj ua haus tsis ua rau cov nceb lom muaj kev nyab xeeb. Yuav cov khoom noj nceb paub, ua raws li cov lus qhia ua noj uas yuav tsum tau ua thiab pov tseg cov khoom rov qab. Ib pluas mov qab pib nrog cov khoom tsim nyog ua ntej txhua qhov kev nyiam rau aroma lossis kev ntxhib los mos raug txiav txim siab. [12]

Cov ntaub ntawv

1. Mushroom Council: Dawb khawm
2. CDC: Enoki nceb ua noj thiab tuav tswv yim
3. Mushroom Council: Crimini
4. Mushroom Council: Portabella
5. Mushroom Council: Shiitake
6. Mushroom Council: Oyster
7. Mushroom Council: King trumpet
8. Mushroom Council: Beech
9. Mushroom Council: Maitake
10. Mushroom Council: Lion's mane
11. Mushroom Council: Ntau daim ntawv qhia, cov lus piav qhia tsw xwb; siv CDC enoki cov lus qhia txog kev nyab xeeb tam sim no
12. Poison Control: Tsiaj qus nceb ceeb toom
13. Mushroom Council: Kev ua noj los ntawm ntau yam
14. FDA: Yuav tsum tau ua noj ua haus kom npaj tau -- ua zaub mov khov