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Green Oranges hu ua dab tsi?

Nov 26, 2019

Green Oranges hu ua dab tsi? Ntau yam, Ripeness thiab buyer checks

Ntsuab - txiv kab ntxwv tawv tsis tau txais ib lub npe txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tej zaum nws yuav yog txiv kab ntxwv siav los yog mandarin hlob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw sov, qhov twg cov tev khaws cov chlorophyll, ib hom qoob loo uas nws cov khoom lag luam zoo li qub nyob ib sab ntsuab, txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis tau kawm tiav, los yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis paub qab hau tiag tiag. Cam Sành yog ib qho zoo-paub hom txiv kab ntxwv Nyab Laj feem ntau muag nrog ntsuab lossis ntsuab - txiv kab ntxwv daim tawv nqaij, tab sis "ntsuab txiv kab ntxwv" yog ib qho kev piav qhia, tsis yog lub npe botanical universal.

Rau khov citrus kev yuav khoom, tev xim yog qhov txiav txim siab tsawg dua vim tias cov tev feem ntau raug tshem tawm. Koj xav tau cov cultivar los yog lag luam hom, loj hlob keeb kwm, nyob rau hauv loj hlob tuaj, soluble solids, titratable acidity, piv, kua txiv ntsiab lus, tsw, noob thiab membrane txwv, ntu kev ncaj ncees thiab ua keeb kwm. Lub txiv kab ntxwv ci ci tuaj yeem zais qhov tsw tsis zoo, thaum lub tev ntsuab tuaj yeem nyob ib puag ncig paub tab, qab zib.

    Cov lus teb ncaj qha:Qee cov txiv kab ntxwv ntsuab hu ua Cam Sành lossis "king oranges," nyob ntawm ntau yam hauv cheeb tsam, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus txiv kab ntxwv ntsuab yog Cam Sành. Ntsuab tev tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam, kev loj hlob sov, qhov ntxoov ntxoo, sau theem, tsis muaj postharvest degreening lossis regreening. Txheeb xyuas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab ntsuas kev loj hlob ntawm sab hauv ua ntej lees txais lossis tsis lees txais nws.

Green-skinned orange from the original article about green oranges

Ntsuab Peel Tsis Muaj Ib Lub Npe

Cov npe txiv kab ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm ntau qib. "Sweet txiv kab ntxwv" feem ntau yog hais txog Citrus sinensis. Mandarins belongs rau ib pab pawg neeg citrus, thiab ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo coj mus muag yog hybrids. Cov npe hauv zos xws li cam, txiv kab ntxwv, mandarin, tangerine thiab huab tais txiv kab ntxwv tsis qhia kom zoo nkauj thoob plaws hom lus. Lo lus Nyab Laj "cam" yog siv rau ntau lub txiv kab ntxwv -zoo li citrus hom, uas yog ib qho laj thawj uas lub npe txhais tau zoo dua qhov tseeb.

Nyab Laj lub teb chaws txiv kab ntxwv - ntau yam qauv piav qhia txog Cam Sành nyob rau hauv ib qho kev kuaj txiv kab ntxwv thiab qhia tias nws yog mandarin-qab zib - txiv kab ntxwv hybrid. Lwm cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem piav qhia txog nws niam txiv sib txawv lossis siv lub npe lag luam "king txiv kab ntxwv." Qhov kev tsis paub meej taxonomic no yog vim li cas thiaj li thov tus neeg muag khoom tau hais txog hom qoob loo lossis kev lag luam thiab keeb kwm es tsis suav tus kheej los ntawm cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij ib leeg.

Ib lub txiv kab ntxwv qab zib kuj tseem tuaj yeem nyob ib nrab ntsuab hauv thaj chaw sov, av noo. Citrus tev hloov ntawm ntsuab raws li chlorophyll tawg thiab daj lossis txiv kab ntxwv pigments pom. Cov hmo txias feem ntau txhawb kev so xim. Thaum hmo ntuj sov so, cov khoom noj khoom haus sab hauv tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov kev loj hlob zoo ua ntej cov tev ua kua txiv kab ntxwv. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntxoov ntxoo nyob rau hauv ib tug tuab canopy yuav txawv los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug ntau lub teeb.

Regreening ntxiv lwm rooj plaub. Qee cov citrus tsim cov xim txiv kab ntxwv thiab tom qab ntawd ua ib nrab ntsuab dua nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov sov. Qhov zoo li ntawd tsis thim rov qab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sab hauv mus rau lub xeev unripe. Txoj cai siv tau ncaj nraim: tsis txhob sau txhua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntsuab "unripe," thiab tsis txhob sau txhua lub txiv qaub ntsuab "Cam Sành."

Fresh mandarins showing normal peel color variation before processing

Cais Sab Nraud Xim Los Ntawm Sab Hauv Kev Loj Hlob

Peel xim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev nthuav qhia thiab tuaj yeem pab tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas txheeb xyuas ntau yam txawv txav, tab sis nws tsis yog qhov kev xeem kom tiav. Internal maturity yog zoo dua txiav txim nrog rau tej yam uas tsav kev noj haus thiab kev ua tau zoo: soluble solids, titratable acidity, lawv ratio, kua txiv feem pua, aroma, iab, noob mob, nqaij xim thiab zoo nkauj.

Soluble solids feem ntau qhia nyob rau hauv degrees Brix raws li ib tug Performance index muaj feem xyuam rau cov suab thaj nyob rau hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txawm hais tias acids thiab lwm yam dissolves khoom kuj pab. Titratable acidity ntsuas tus nqi ntawm cov kua qaub nruab nrab raws li txoj kev tau hais tseg thiab feem ntau qhia tias citric - sib npaug acid. Tsis yog tus lej ib leeg muab qhov tsw. Qhov sib piv pab qhia qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov qab zib thiab acidity, thaum lub vaj huam sib luag hnov ​​​​qab ntes iab, flatness thiab aroma uas suav tsis tau.

Cov cai ua lag luam qhia txog kev sib cais. EU citrus cov qauv kev lag luam tso cai rau cov txiv kab ntxwv loj hlob hauv siab - qhov kub thiab txias, siab - cov av noo kom muaj qhov chaw ntsuab ntau dua thaum lawv ua tiav cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Cov kev cai tseem siv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsawg kawg nkaus thiab qab zib - rau- cov kua qaub piv rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam, thiab tso cai rau kev ua kom tiav tsuas yog tom qab cov kev cai loj hlob tiav lawm. Qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus tswj hwm, tsis yog ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau txhua qhov chaw.

Kev kuaj pom sai sai yog li teb tsuas yog ib lo lus nug: lub tev zoo li cas? Rau cov khoom siv raw- pom zoo, siv cov qauv ntsuas thoob plaws ntau, ntsuas cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tshuaj lom neeg nrog cov txheej txheem sau, saj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab sau cov kev faib tawm. Yog tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntsuab rov muab cov txiaj ntsig tau pom zoo, xim yuav yog qhov qub rau cov khoom ntawd. Yog hais tias Brix, acidity los yog tsw tsis, ib tug txaus nyiam tev tsis cawm nws.

    Tswv yim piv txwv:tus neeg txais pom 30% ntsuab saum npoo ntawm qhov sov- huab cua txiv kab ntxwv ntau thiab npaj tsis lees txais nws li unripe. Daim ntawv cog lus, txawm li cas los xij, txheeb xyuas cov qoob loo thiab keeb kwm thiab teeb tsa kev lees paub sab hauv ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, yam tsawg kawg nkaus 10.0℃Brix, siab tshaj 1.0% titratable acidity li citric acid, thiab dhau tsw.

Tus neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ntsuas 10.8℃Brix thiab 0.90% acidity, yog li qhov sib piv yog 10.8 ÷ 0.90=12.0. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig kuj dhau. Qhov ntau tau txais vim tias nws txoj kev loj hlob sab hauv tau ua tiav; cov duab yog ib txoj kev piav qhia, tsis yog XMSD cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom lag luam lossis qhov chaw nyob -kev ua lag luam tsawg kawg nkaus.

Fresh mandarins in field crates for lot-based maturity sampling

Degreening hloov lub tev, tsis yog qab zib

Kev lag luam degreening nthuav tawm cov citrus paub tab kom ua tib zoo tswj ethylene, kub, av noo, qhov cua thiab sijhawm. Ethylene txhawb chlorophyll tawg hauv tev kom cov xim daj lossis txiv kab ntxwv pom. Qhov no tuaj yeem txhim kho kev lag luam lees paub qhov twg cov neeg siv khoom koom nrog cov txiv kab ntxwv tev nrog ripeness.

Degreening tsis ripening tsis paub qab hau citrus. Citrus tsis yog -climacteric, thiab postharvest ethylene tsis ntxiv qab zib rau nqaij los yog ua rau qaub, tsis paub qab hau txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib. Ib tug phooj ywg- tshuaj xyuas cov txiv kab ntxwv, txiv kab ntxwv thiab mandarins pom cov xim zoo nkauj tawg tsis muaj cov khoom hloov pauv rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo soluble thiab acidity; Kev hnov ​​​​mob tau txwv thiab kev kho mob tseem tseem ceeb.

Kev tswj cov txheej txheem tsis zoo tuaj yeem tsim qhov tsis xws luag. Lub sij hawm ntau dhau, qhov kub tsis zoo lossis av noo, qhov cua tsis txaus, kev lwj siab thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rhiab tuaj yeem ua rau tev raug mob, lub cev qhuav dej lossis tom qab tawg. Cov kab mob rind puas kuj tuaj yeem ua tsis tau zoo sib xws. Yog hais tias sab nraud tshiab - cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo li tseem ceeb, sau qhov tseeb℃qhov kev pab cuam thiab tshuaj xyuas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tom qab lub sij hawm tuav.

Rau tev frozen ntu, degreening yuav ntxiv tus nqi tsawg dua vim tias cov neeg siv khoom tsis pom feem ntau ntawm cov tev. Qhov kev txiav txim siab hloov mus rau nqaij xim, aroma, Brix-acid tshuav nyiaj li cas, tshem tawm daim nyias nyias, cov noob, intactness thiab thaw kev ua tau zoo. Tsis txhob them nyiaj rau cov xim txiv kab ntxwv zoo tag nrho tshwj tsis yog tias nws txhim kho cov khoom nyoos- cov khoom sib cais, kev tswj cov txheej txheem lossis cov khoom kawg uas koj muag tau.

Tsis txhob Confuse Ntsuab Peel Nrog Citrus Greening Disease

"Green txiv kab ntxwv" thiab citrus ntsuab kab mob yog cov tswv yim sib txawv. Citrus ntsuab, tseem hu ua huanglongbing, yog ib qho kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag cuam tshuam nrog phloem- cov kab mob txwv tsis pub thiab kis los ntawm citrus psyllids. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov nplooj nplooj mottling, me me los yog lopsided txiv hmab txiv ntoo, xim tsis sib xws, tsw tsw, noob rho menyuam thiab tsob ntoo poob. Ib txwm ntsuab - tawv nqaij cultivar tsis muaj npe tom qab tus kab mob.

Cov qauv xim tuaj yeem muab cov lus ceeb toom, tab sis kev kuaj mob yog los ntawm cov kws paub txog qoob loo uas tau kawm thiab kev sim tsim nyog. Tsis txhob kuaj xyuas ib lub vaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ib daim duab, thiab tsis txhob tso tseg cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, iab los yog xim txawv txawv raws li ntau yam tsis muaj pov thawj. Kev ua liaj ua teb traceability thiab raw-cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas txuas qhov kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw rau kev txiav txim siab ua haujlwm.

Rau cov txheej txheem ua tiav, saib seb qhov twg tseem pom: daj ntseg lossis tsis sib xws, cov hlwv qhuav, iab, cov noob tawg, lwj, tsw txawv txav lossis cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau dhau. Txhim kho qhov txawv txav mus ntxiv rau cov khoom nyoos -cov ntaub ntawv thiab pab neeg ua liaj ua teb. CovIQF khov mandarin txiv kab ntxwv ntau yammuab cov khoom- daim ntawv ntsiab lus, thaum qhov kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau txhais qhov kev lees txais tiag tiag.

Frozen mandarin orange segments showing flesh color after peel removal

Dab tsi tseem ceeb tom qab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo dhau los ua Frozen Segments

Thaum lub tev tau raug tshem tawm, lub npe lag luam tseem yuav tsum yog qhov tseeb, tab sis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev txav mus rau pem hauv ntej. Txhais tag nrho- feem feem pua, cov khoom tawg, nqaij xim, daim nyias nyias thiab albedo residue, tev residue, noob, cov khoom txawv teb chaws, dawb dej khov thiab thaiv kev tsim. Lub hauv paus dej haus tuaj yeem siv qib sib xyaw ua ke; lub khob txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis khoom qab zib topping yuav xav tau qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov ntu tsis zoo.

Ntsuas tsw ntawm cov khoom thawed lossis npaj cov khoom, tsis yog cov khoom siv tshiab. Kev khov thiab thawing cuam tshuam citrus vesicles, yog li ntu tuaj yeem tso kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab muag muag. Sau qhov hnyav khov, thaw tej yam kev mob, lub sij hawm ntws, qhov hnyav hnyav, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis zoo thiab qhov qhab nia. Covkhov peeled txiv kab ntxwv homyuav tsum muab piv rau hauv daim ntawv qhia npaj thiab kev nthuav qhia.

Maturity influences usable quality. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis paub qab hau tej zaum yuav qaub, iab, nyuaj rau tev los yog tsis muaj yielding. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo dhau lawm yuav softer thiab ntau dua rau kev tawg. Lub hom phiaj tsis yog qhov siab tshaj plaws tau Brix; nws yog qhov pom zoo sib npaug ntawm qhov qab zib, acidity, citrus aroma, xim, ntu kev ncaj ncees thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig rau daim ntawv thov.

Tshawb xyuas cov khoom xyaw thiab txheej txheem txheej txheem. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo dawb txawv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib, txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv syrup, puree thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Paub meej seb puas muaj antioxidant, firming agent, qab zib lossis glaze ntxiv. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo khov tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tsis muaj menyuam lossis npaj noj, yog li cov lus qhia thiab daim ntawv lo yuav tsum hais txog kev npaj siv thiab yuav tsum tau npaj.

    Piv txwv ua haujlwm:ib lub chaw tsim khoom qab zib piv ob 10,000 kg khov-sem muab. Lot A raug nqi ib qho piv txwv $1.42/kg thiab yields 91% zoo, daim ntawv thov-cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siv tau tom qab thawing thiab ntws. Lot B nqi $1.37/kg thiab yields 86%.

Tus nqi siv tau=$1.42 ÷ 0.91=$1.56/kg. B siv tau tus nqi=$1.37 ÷ 0.86=$1.59/kg. A tsim txog 9,100 kg usable txiv hmab txiv ntoo; B tsim txog 8,600 kg.

Cov chaw tsim khoom xaiv A rau pom cov khoom qab zib topping yog tsw, kev nyab xeeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv kuj dhau. B tej zaum tseem yuav haum ib tug puree qhov twg intactness tsis muaj nqi. Qhov piv txwv qhia tias yog vim li cas tev xim thiab cov nqi them nqi yog ob qho kev txiav txim tsis tiav; cov nuj nqis tsis yog tam sim no hais los yog guaranteed tawm los.

IQF mandarin segments for thawed yield and defect inspection

Sau cov Raw-Material and Finished-Product Specification

Rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyoos, npe cov qoob loo los yog txais kev lag luam hom, keeb kwm, qoob loo qhov rais, txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj, tev- xim kam rau ua thiab tsis suav nrog. Txhais kev loj hlob los ntawm cov qauv qauv thiab ntsuas cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, Brix, titratable - acidity lossis piv cov hom phiaj uas cuam tshuam. Ntxiv tsw thiab aroma vim hais tias chemistry tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas txhua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.

Rau cov ntu khov, lub npe txiav lossis ntu daim ntawv, qhov loj me, tag nrho -rau- tawg piv, daim nyias nyias, albedo, noob, tev, tawg, dawb- dej khov thiab pawg txwv. Qhia seb cov txiaj ntsig puas raug ntsuas khov, thawed lossis drained. Ib qho kev txwv tsis muaj kev npaj yuav ua rau muaj kev sib cav thaum tau txais vim tias txhua sab tuaj yeem tsim qhov sib txawv.

Ntxiv cov zaub mov- kev nyab xeeb thiab kev taug qab yuav tsum tau: microbiological txoj kev npaj, tshuaj tua kab-kev ua raws li cov khoom seem, cov kab mob sib kis, txawv teb chaws - cov khoom siv, cov chaw ua haujlwm, ntau coding, daim ntawv pov thawj, qhov chaw cia thiab cov ntaub ntawv lo lus uas peb. Tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm chaw ua haujlwm los ntawm lubzaub mov- kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub Hoobkasthiab phim nws rau cov khoom muaj tseeb.

Tom qab ntawd teeb pob thiab txias- cov ntsiab lus txuas: lub hnab sab hauv, net hnyav, thawv, daim ntawv lo, cov cim, pallet qauv, khov- qhov kub thiab txias, txee lub neej, lub thawv thauj khoom thiab tuaj txog. Ib ntu tev tawm tuaj yeem raug kev puas tsuaj ntau ntawm kev lag luam los ntawm thaw- rov ua kom muaj kev tsim txom dua li ntawm cov xim ntawm cov tev tawm. Siv covfrozen ntim thiab txias - chain overviewmus thav duab pob tiv thaiv, ces paub meej tias qhov kev txiav txim tiag.

Zam tsis txhob muaj kev lees paub txog tus kheej hauv khw muag khoom lossis daim ntawv qhia zaub mov. Yog tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog Cam Sành, khaws cov khoom muag thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj txhawb nqa lub npe ntawd. Yog tias nws yog tus qauv mandarin uas nws cov tev tshiab tseem ntsuab, hu rau nws los ntawm hom kev lag luam paub tseeb. "Green txiv kab ntxwv" yuav ua haujlwm raws li cov lus piav qhia, tab sis nws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntsiag to cog lus tias muaj kev tiv thaiv keeb kwm, tshwj xeeb hybrid lossis khoom noj tshwj xeeb.

Optical selection equipment used for frozen fruit quality sorting

Pom zoo ntau nrog ib txoj hauv kev rov ua dua

Tsim cov qauv hla cov rooj plaub thiab pallet txoj haujlwm es tsis xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws - saib txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Sau ntau code, hnub tsim khoom, thawv mob thiab kub. Rau cov khoom nyoos tshiab, ua piv txwv ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thoob plaws qhov loj thiab xim pawg. Rau cov khoom khov, tsim ib tus neeg sawv cev sib xyaw thiab khaws cov qauv khaws cia uas qhov kev zov me nyuam xav tau.

Ntsuas raws li ib txoj kev. Calibrate lub refractometer, qhia cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kho qhov kub thiab txias, siv tib qhov kawg titration thiab qhia txog acidity units. Rau thaw tawm los, teem thaw kub, lub sij hawm, tshuaj ntsuam los yog sieve, ntws lub sij hawm thiab hnyav sequence. Ib qho -Point Brix nyeem lossis kuaj lub tais tsis tuaj yeem sawv cev rau lub thawv.

Khiav daim ntawv thov kev xeem nrog rau kev ntsuas ntsuas. Ib tus neeg tsim dej haus xav tau cov tsw qab, cov cwj pwm ntawm lub cev thiab acidity tom qab dilution. Lub khob cij xav tau ntu muaj sia nyob tom qab sib xyaw thiab ci. Ib lub hnab muag khoom xav tau kev faib khoom txaus nyiam thiab tswj tau drip. Pom zoo rau kev siv uas tus qauv tau sim; tsis txhob ncua ib qho dhau mus ntsiag to rau txhua hom ntawv.

Thaum cov khoom xa tuaj txawv, cais ntau thiab sib piv cov pov thawj lub hom phiaj: tus kheej, keeb kwm, qoob loo, xim qauv, Brix, acidity, piv, hnov, tsis xws luag, thaw tawm los, ntim thiab kub. Yog hais tias qhov teeb meem yog cosmetic tev xim thiab cov khoom kawg yog tev, rov ntsuam xyuas nws qhov tshwm sim tiag tiag. Yog tias qhov teeb meem tsis zoo nyob hauv qab, lwj lossis kev nyab xeeb, tsis txhob zais nws qab ib txwm ntsuab -peel piav qhia.

Txoj kev tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb thaiv, sau qhov rais thiab hnub tsim khoom. Xim thiab maturity yuav txav thaum lub sij hawm qoob loo. Lub qhov rais thaum ntxov tuaj yeem xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas nruj dua; lub qhov rais lig tuaj yeem nqa cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo softer thiab tawg ntau dua. Ib qho qauv cia koj kho cov qauv thiab daim ntawv thov ua ntej qhov ntau dhau los ua kev thov.

Siv txoj cai nce ntxiv rau cov cim tsis sib haum. Ib lub tev ntsuab uas dhau los ntawm chemistry thiab huv huv tuaj yeem yog xim - kev txiav txim siab ntev. Cov txiv kab ntxwv tag nrho nrog qhov sib piv qis, iab saj los yog cov hlwv qhuav yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm sab hauv - tsis zoo. Ntau yam uas tau txais txiaj ntsig tab sis ntau ntu kev tawg tuaj yeem raug muab rov qab los ntawm qhov pom saum toj kawg nkaus rau puree tsuas yog los ntawm kev pom zoo kev lag luam thiab kev taug qab. Ua kom cov txiaj ntsig no sib cais tiv thaiv kev nyiam xim xim los ntawm overriding cov khoom tiav.

Tshawb xyuas lub hnub nyoog piv txwv thiab. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab ntsuas thaum sau, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntsuas tom qab degreening thiab khov ntu ntsuas tom qab lub hlis ntawm kev khaws cia tsis yog tib qho pov thawj. Sau hnub tim, xeev thiab txoj kev nrog txhua qhov tshwm sim. Yog tias cov qauv muag khoom los ntawm cov qoob loo sib txawv los yog lub qhov rais tsim tawm, thov ua ntej - khoom xa tuaj lossis ntau lawm- qauv ntau ua ntej kho thawj qhov tshwm sim raws li qhov ruaj khov.

Rau cov khoom ntiag tug -label, nqa qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm tus kheej mus rau hauv kev kos duab. Cov khoom npe, cov lus tshaj tawm, keeb kwm, cov lus qhia khaws cia, kev npaj thiab kev noj haus yuav tsum piav qhia txog cov khoom xa tuaj. Daim duab ntawm cov txiv kab ntxwv tshiab tsis sib xws yuav tsum tsis txhob hais tias qhov sib xyaw ua ke -qib khov mandarin qib muaj tag nrho ntu. Ib yam li ntawd, cov kab lus "txiv kab ntxwv ntsuab" yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov lub npe uas tsim nyog raws cai hauv lub khw muag khoom.

Kaw lub voj tom qab tuaj txog. Muab cov ntaub ntawv tau txais nrog cov qauv pom zoo thiab tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm ntau. Yog hais tias cov tev ntsuab yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm raw- cov khoom siv lub caij, nug tus neeg muag khoom qhov kev loj hlob sab hauv thiab ua tiav- ntu kev ua tau zoo dua li qhov xav tau kom zoo nkauj degreening tau. Kev tswj zoo tshaj plaws yog ib qho uas tiv thaiv tsw, tawm los, kev nyab xeeb thiab daim ntawv lo cov neeg yuav khoom siv tiag tiag.

Frozen food processing areas used for citrus segment production and verification

    XMSD Source Note:Xa cov hom citrus paub tseeb lossis lub hom phiaj tsw, qhov kev nyiam ntawm keeb kwm, qib qib, Brix-kev coj ua kua qaub, txwv tsis pub, daim ntawv thov, pob, sim kom muaj nuj nqis, kev kwv yees txhua xyoo, qhov chaw, Incoterm thiab daim ntawv teev npe. Peb tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas qhov khov mandarin lossis txiv kab ntxwv - ntu kev xaiv tiv thaiv ib qho kev sau ntawv thaw-thiab- siv txoj kev.

Thov ib Frozen Citrus Segment Trial

Cov lus nug nquag

Cov txiv kab ntxwv ntsuab hu ua Cam Sành?

Cam Sành yog ib hom txiv kab ntxwv Nyab Laj uas paub zoo rau ntsuab lossis qee cov tawv nqaij ntsuab thiab txiv kab ntxwv, tab sis tsis yog txhua txiv kab ntxwv ntsuab yog Cam Sành. Paub meej cultivar lossis coj mus muag hom thiab keeb kwm es tsis yog npe txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm xim ib leeg.

Cov txiv kab ntxwv puas tuaj yeem siav thaum nws daim tawv nqaij ntsuab?

Yog lawm. Kev loj hlob sov, cultivar thiab canopy txoj hauj lwm tuaj yeem tso cai rau kev loj hlob sab hauv thaum chlorophyll tseem nyob hauv tev. Txiav txim ripeness nrog kua txiv ntsiab lus, Brix, acidity, piv thiab hnov ​​zoo, tsis tev xim los ntawm nws tus kheej.

Puas yog degreening ua kom tsis muaj txiv kab ntxwv qab zib?

Tsis yog. Degreening siv ethylene los rhuav tshem ntsuab chlorophyll nyob rau hauv lub tev ntawm citrus uas twb paub tab. Nws tsis ntxiv qab zib lossis kho qhov tsis zoo sab hauv kom loj hlob. Pib cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum dhau qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav ua ntej kev kho mob.

Puas yog ntsuab tev yog ib qho cim ntawm citrus ntsuab kab mob?

Tsis yog los ntawm nws tus kheej. Li qub citrus tuaj yeem khaws cov tev ntsuab. Citrus greening kab mob yog cov nroj tsuag - teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv nrog ntau yam ntoo, nplooj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo cov tsos mob thiab yuav tsum tau kws kho mob. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis txawv txav, blotchy xim thiab tsis zoo tsw zoo tshawb nrhiav, tsis yog qhov xaus ntawm ib xim.

Yuav ua li cas khov txiv kab ntxwv - ntu cov neeg yuav khoom kuaj?

Paub meej tias tus kheej, keeb kwm, cov khoom xyaw, Brix-acid tshuav, tsw, tag nrho thiab tawg ntu txwv, cov noob, daim nyias nyias, tev, xim, tsis muaj dej khov, thaw drip, usable yield, microbiological thiab residue yuav tsum tau, pob, daim ntawv pov thawj scope thiab txias- cov pov thawj saw. Ntsuam xyuas ntau hauv daim ntawv thov tiav.

Cov ntaub ntawv

  1. Food and Agriculture Organization ntawm United Nations.Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Nyab Laj - Txiv kab ntxwv. Citrus npe, ntau lawm thiab ntsuab -rind ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv huab cua sov.
  2. Vietnam Standards and Quality Institute.TCVN 13382-3:2022 - Txiv kab ntxwv ntau yam. Scope thiab Cam Sành hybrid kev faib tawm.
  3. European Commission.Citrus Fruit Marketing Standard. Yam tsawg kawg nkaus kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, piv txwv li, xim thiab degreening yuav tsum tau.
  4. Mayuoni L, Tietel Z, Patil BS, Porat R.Puas yog ethylene degreening cuam tshuam rau sab hauv zoo ntawm citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo?Postharvest Biology thiab Technology. 2011.
  5. University of Florida IFAS Extension.Florida Citrus Production Guide: Decay Control of Fresh Citrus. Degreening thiab lwj - tswj cov ntsiab lus.